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Med Procedures > IV & Injections > Flashcards

IV & Injections Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anatomy of a syringe?

A 
plunger
barrel
HUB
needle
bevel
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2
Q

Venipuncture site selection

A

Attach tourniquet 3-5in above the site
If using a pressure cuff inflate to 40mmHg
Avoid drawing on the same side as a mastectomy or edema
Avoid drawing above an IV site or at least 5” below it
Avoid drawing on an arm with a cannula, fistula, or vascular graft
Avoid an obvious hematoma

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3
Q

Venipuncture equipment– vacutainer

A

Uses vacuum to withdraw blood
Low cost / fast
Can’t see flashback and not good for small veins
No transfer needed to lab tube ↓ risk of self stick

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4
Q

Venipuncture equipment– syringe

A

Can control amount of pressure
Higher cost / slower
Can see flashback & better for small veins
Transfer to lab tube ↑ risk of self stick

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5
Q

Needle Size for venipuncture

A

19g – largest used mainly for large volume draws
21g – moderate amount to draw from AC space
22g – most frequently used with vacutainer/ 1-3 tubes to draw/ AC space
23g – most versatile
25g – small veins

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6
Q

Site preparation for venipuncture

A

Clean site with 70% isopropyl alcohol
Betadine is alternative
Allow to air dry!!!

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7
Q

Types of intradermal injections

A 
TB PPD testing
Intradermal anesthesia
Cosmetic procedures
Allergy testing
Vaccine 
Sentinel node biopsies
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8
Q

What is the equipment for intradermal injections

A

Needle: 24-30g; ½ inch length
Syringe: 1cc small amounts
Alcohol
Gauze

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9
Q

Risk and benefits for intradermal injections

A 
Benefits= Procedure
Risks
Hematoma
Infection
Reaction to med/product
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10
Q

How do you perform an intradermal injections

A

Angle syringe along long axis of arm (parallel) Inject with bevel facing up Entire bevel penetrates skin Raise a “bleb” with injectate solution under skin
Tip to novices: bend needle at 35-40 degree angle- Keeps needle in skin

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11
Q

SubQ Injections

A

For drugs requiring slow absorption and long duration of action
Insulin
Hormones
Vaccines

Risks: dermatitis or cellulitis

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12
Q

Equipment used for subcutaneous injections

A

Syringe: size depends on use
23-25 gauge needle in adults/older children; 25 or 27g in infants
5/8 to 3/4 inch length sufficient; 1 inch optional length

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13
Q

In adults and older children subcutaneous injections are put where?

A

Deltoid
Upper outer thighs
Abdomen

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14
Q

in infants where is the subQ injection inserted?

A

thigh

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15
Q

SC procedure (12)

A

Select & expose injection site
Prep with alcohol wipe
Fill syringe (2-3 cc usually)
Pinch up subcutaneous tissue into roll between thumb and forefinger
Insert needle with one quick motion at 45 degrees to skin
Advance needle to about 3/4 of total length
Release the roll of skin
Aspirate to ensure that the needle is not in vessel
If Blood appears remove and pick new site
Inject slowly
Withdraw needle
Apply pressure, and bandage

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16
Q

Indications for IM injections

A

Drugs not easily absorbed orally
Intermediate rate of onset and duration of action preferred
When parenteral delivery necessary

17
Q

What type of medications need to be IM

A

Antibiotics
Narcotics/ Pain meds
Hormones
Vaccines

18
Q

IM sites for adults

A

Thighs Anterior
Buttocks
Deltoid

19
Q

IM sites for children

A

Buttocks

Deltoid

20
Q

Complications of IM injections

A

Injection into a vessel
Injection into a nerve
Needle breaking off (into muscle)
Sterile or septic abscesses

21
Q

IM injection equipment

A 
Alcohol wipes 
Syringe (depends of volume to be injected) 
Needle
size depends on depth of insertion 
size depends on drug viscosity 
Substance to be injected 
Sterile gauze sponge 
Dressing (bandage)
22
Q

IM procedure

A

Select & expose injection site (thigh, buttocks, deltoid)
Prep with alcohol wipe
Hold syringe like a dart at 90 degree angle to site
Hold muscle firmly with other hand at site
Insert needle straight into the skin quick, firm motion
Hold the barrel with weak hand
Pull plunger back a bit to check for blood return
If blood is encountered, withdraw needle - replace needle - try new site
Slowly push down plunger until syringe is empty
Remove needle quickly
Apply gentle pressure to site with alcohol wipe or cotton ball

23
Q

Purpose for venous cathterization

A

Fluid replacement
Delivery of medications
Blood sampling

24
Q

Site selection for venous catheterization

A

Largest vein in area where movement around joint will not be hampered
Consider purpose: if drug to be infused don’t use small vein in hand = phlebitis
Consider length of time catheter to be in place

25
Q

necessary items to start an IV infusion

A 
betadine and alcohol sponges
Tourniquet
 gloves
 two IV catheter devices
 tape
 sterile dressing
26
Q

Complications for venous cath

A

Infiltration
Phlebitis
Infection

Med Procedures (5 decks)

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