IV injection LO's

Question 1

Indications for IV placement

Answer 1

Drug administration
IV hydration
Transfusions
Surgery
Emergency care

Question 2

Contraindications to IV placement

Answer 2

Infections
Phlebitis
Sclerosed veins
Previous IV infiltration
Burns or other traumatic injury proximal to insertion site
Arteriovenous fistula of extremity
Surgical procedures affecting an extremity

Question 3

Considerations to account for when selecting an IV site

Answer 3

Intended use
Accessibility
Patient age
Comfort
Urgency of situation

[upper extremities preferred because accessibility and less risk of complication — usually metacarpal veins, median antebrachial veins, cephalic veins, basilic veins]

Question 4

Why is lower extremity less often chosen in adults?

Answer 4

Higher risk of thrombosis and embolism — this risk is lower in children

Question 5

Risks associated with IV injection

Answer 5

Pain
Bleeding
Bruising
Infection
Extravasation (may lead to necrosis)
Phlebitis
Thrombosis
Embolism
Nerve damage