IV Fluids Flashcards
indications for IV fluids
- resuscitation
- replacement
- maintenance
two main types of fluids
- crystalloids
2. colloids
examples of crystalloids
0.9% saline 5% dextrose 0.18% NaCl in 4% glucose Hartmann's plasma-Lyte 148
example of colloid
human albumin solution
when are colloids used?
decompensated liver disease
what does 0.9% saline contain?
1L water
154mmol Na+
154mmol Cl-
risks with using 0.9% saline
hypernatraemia metabolic acidosis (hyperchloraemic)
what does dextrose contain?
1L water, 50g glucose
what does 0.18% NaCl in 4% dextrose contain?
1L water
31 Na
31 Cl
40g glucose
what does Hartmann’s contain?
water Na Cl K Ca lactate (reduce risk of acidosis)
what does Hartmanns fill?
ECF
what does dextrose fill?
all
what does plasma-Lyte 148 contain?
water Na Cl K Mg acetate gluconate
what does plasma contain
Na 135-145
Cl 92-109
Ca 192.35
K 3.5-5
which are the isotonic solutions?
0.9% saline
Hartmann’s
plasma-Lyte
which are the hypotonic solutions?
dextrose
0.18% NaCl
what do hypotonic solutions risk?
hyponatraemia
example of hypertonic solution?
3% saline
which solutions increase ECF?
0.9% saline
Hartmann’s
what increases all compartments?
1L 5% glucose
what increases plasma volume and decreases interstitial volume?
1L gelofusion (colloid)
resuscitation fluids given?
500ml over 15 minutes (stat)
which solutions can you not give stat?
potassium containing
daily water maintenance
25-30ml/kg/day
