IV Fluids

Question 1

What are two extracellular ions?

Answer 1

Na+ and Cl-

Question 2

What is the most dominant intracellular ion?

Answer 2

K+

Question 3

What does third spacing mean? What are the most common causes for third spacing loss?

Answer 3

shift of fluid from intravascular to interstitial space

-pancreatitis, sepsis, surgery, hypoalbuminemia

Question 4

What is the minimum amt of water needed for maintenece?

Answer 4

60ml/hr for maintenance

Question 5

To assess volume status, what are two really important things to check?

Answer 5

daily weights and I&Os

Question 6

What does a colloid fluid consist of?

Answer 6

albumin

Question 7

What are two types of crystalloid fluids?

Answer 7

Normal saline and lactated ringers

Question 8

Is normal saline “normal?”

Answer 8

No it has 154 mEq/mL of Na and Cl

Question 9

Do critically ill patients have better outcomes with NS or LR?

Answer 9

LR

Question 10

LR is good because it is similar to our _______

Answer 10

plasma

Question 11

Beware because lactate can cause what?

Answer 11

high serum lactate and hyperkalemia

Question 12

D5W contains _____g of dextrose in 1L of what?

Answer 12

50g dextrose free water

Question 13

D5NS= _______g of dextrose in 1L of what?

Answer 13

50g dextrose in 1L NS

Question 14

D10LR = ______g of dextrose in 1L of what?

Answer 14

100g dextrose in 1L LR

Question 15

What fluid is the treatment of hypernatremia?

Answer 15

D5W

Question 16

What are the three different fluid boluses we can give a patient?

Answer 16

250 mL, 500mL, 1L

Question 17

What three diseases need aggressive IVF?

Answer 17

sepsis, acute pancreatitis, DKA/HHS

Question 18

What is the initial crystalloid bolus for sepsis?

Answer 18

30 mg/kg

Question 19

What type of fluid is used in pancreatitis?

Answer 19

LR *** know this

Question 20

Use caution in replacing fluids due to what two things?

Answer 20

acute pulmonary edema and CHF

Question 21

If you have a low potassium, what else do you need to check?

Answer 21

hypomagnesemia (renal potassium wasting)

**hypokalemia will not correct itself in the presence of hypomag