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IV math exam > IV exam > Flashcards

IV exam Flashcards

1
Q

hypotonic fluids

A

fluid into the cell
SWELLS
less than 0.9 so hypo
0.45 NaCl
0.33 NaCl

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2
Q

isotonic fluids

A

expands ECF
0.9 NS
lactated ringers
D5W outside of body

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3
Q

fluid compatible with blood products

A

ONLY 0.9 NORMAL SALINE

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4
Q

hypertonic fluids

A

takes fluid out of cell
SHRINKS
“i’m hyper, i like to go out”
more than 0.9 so hyper
D5.45 NaCl
D5.9 NaCl
D5LR

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5
Q

hypertonic glucose solution precautions

A

dextrose solutions
assess for hyperglycemia and sepsis

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6
Q

primary tubing

A

longer tubing
continous flow
tubing ports

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7
Q

macrodrop

A

10 gtts/mL
15 gtts/mL
20 gtts/mL

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8
Q

microdrip

A

60 gtts/mL

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9
Q

secondary tubing

A

hung higher - administered first/faster
no injection port, due to shorter tubing
given thru IV pump or gravity

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10
Q

KCl infusions

A

ALWAYS thru pump
NEVER give as IV push or bolus
rate should not exceed 10 mEq/hr
assess for phlebitis/ infiltration

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11
Q

nursing assessment for IV start

A

assess site for infiltration and inflammation
verify solution and rate
assess when tubing and IV is to be changed

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12
Q

dwell time

A

how long an IV can be in for before being changed

usually 48-72hrs max

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13
Q

labels

A

bag, tubing, pt site

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14
Q

IV start documentation

A

method of infusion
number of attempts
size
pt response
IV info : amount, solution, additive, rate, site

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15
Q

how long can a bag hang

A

should not exceed 24 hrs

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16
Q

what is phlebitis

A

inflammation of vein
redness

17
Q

signs and symptoms of phlebitis

A

redness, warmth, swelling/ puffy
possible fever
tenderness
palpable venous cord

18
Q

treatment of phlebitis

A

stop infusion
warm packs
slow rate or dilute solution

19
Q

infiltration

A

fluid leaks to surrounding tissues

20
Q

signs and symptoms of infiltration

A

cold sensation @ site
swelling @ and around site
translucent blanching
slowed IV rate
burning/pain

21
Q

treatment of infiltration

A

stop infusion
elevate extremity
start infusion @ different site
assess pulse, cap refill, paresthesia

22
Q

signs and symptoms of fluid overload

A

crackles
moist cough
JVD
edema
elevated BP
confusion

23
Q

patients at risk for overload

A

heart failure
kidney failure

24
Q

discontinue an IV steps

A

confirm order
gather supplies and gloves
stop infusion
prevent skin tears - remove slowly
apply gauze over site
pull cannula straight back
apply pressure to site
examine catheter and document
dispose into sharps

25
Q

how often do you flush the IV site?

A

aspirate to see blood return then flush
before and after meds
every 8 hrs

26
Q

how many mL do you use to flush an IV site?

A

2-3 mL

27
Q

when do you flush?

A

before and after meds

28
Q

IV monitoring

A

monitor site hourly
document baseline vitals

29
Q

when do you administer IV push meds?

A

NPO pt
as a loading dose
IV site closest to pt

30
Q

how to calculate IV push rate

A

push at a rate of 15-30 seconds per 1 mL

31
Q

how to give an IV push

A

SLOWLY
1-5 minutes

32
Q

starting an IV steps

A

2 pt identifiers
correct IV size
IV start kit
tourniquet
find IV site
clean
insert at 15-30* bevel up
“flash” of blood, advance the catheter, and remove needle
apply pressure to site and apply tegaderm

33
Q

areas to avoid for IV insertion

A

areas below infiltrated vein
area below phlebitis
arm with shunt/ fistula
inflammation, disease, or bruised site
arm with edema, infection, blood clot or lymph node dissection
sclerosed/thrombosed vein (hard vein)

34
Q

IV dressing

A

transparent tegaderm over cath site
tape tubing to patient
label with date and initials
attach ordered fluids

35
Q

tourniquet use

A

blue rubber band
2-4 inches above insertion site
used to help buldge and puncture vein, removed after blood flashes

IV math exam (3 decks)

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