fluids review

Question 1

causes of fluid volume deficit

Answer 1

GI suctioning
diuretics
polyuria
burns
surgical/fistula drainage
GI losses- V/D
fever
anorexia or inability for oral intake
hemorrhage

Question 2

tonicity

Answer 2

osmolarity of a solution

Question 3

Iv solution types

Answer 3

isotonic
hypertonic
hypotonic

Question 4

lactated ringers use

Answer 4

fluid resuscitation

Question 5

normal saline use

Answer 5

expand volume, dilute meds and keep vein open

Question 6

isotonic solutions

Answer 6

normal saline
lactated ringers
D5W outside of body

Question 7

D5W use

Answer 7

starts as isotonic until in the body
metabolize glucose and become hypotonic

Question 8

D5 1/2 NS
D5NS use

Answer 8

Na and volume replacement
go slow!
monitor BP, P, Na levels, lung sounds and urine output

Question 9

what solution do you not give to infants or head injury patients

Answer 9

D5W, may cause cerebral edema

Question 10

what happens to the cells with a hypertonic solution

Answer 10

cells shrink

Question 11

what happens to cells with a hypotonic solution

Answer 11

cells swell

Question 12

hypotonic

Answer 12

water excess

Question 13

hypertonic

Answer 13

water deficit

Question 14

indications for isotonic solutions

Answer 14

expand intravascular volume
treat hypovolemia and hypotension

Question 15

hypertonic IV solutions

Answer 15

D5.9 NaCl
D5.45 NaCl
D10 in water

Question 16

hypertonic solution indications

Answer 16

fluid loss from burns
hyponatremia
severe dehydration

Question 17

when is water transported out from the cell?

Answer 17

hypertonic solutions

Question 17

pulls water into ECF causing RBC to shrink

Answer 17

hypertonic solutions

Question 17

hypotonic solutions

Answer 17

0.45 NaCl
0.33 NaCl
D5W

Question 18

hypotonic solutions uses

Answer 18

cellular dehydration due to diuretics
DKA
hypernatremia

Question 19

fluid shifts from intravascular space to intracellular space

Answer 19

hypotonic solutions
RBC’s swell