IV, DV, Operationalisation, Aims And Hypotheses Flashcards
What is meant by the independent variable?
Variable that changes or is maniupulated by the researcher to see if it has an effect on the DV
What is meant by the dependent variable?
Variable that researcher measures to see the effect OF the IV
What is meant by operationalisation and why is it important?
- Operationalising means to be specific and clear when defining the IV and DV in an experiment, to make it easier to measure
- It is important bc if variables are operationalised, research can be repeated to check for consistent results, it increases replicability
What is meant by an aim?
This is a general statement of what the researcher intends to investigate and the purpose of the study
What is meant by a hypothesis?
This is a specific, testable statement in which the researcher predicts what will happen bw variables before the research happens
What are the three experimental hypotheses?
Directional - one tailed
Non directional - two tailed
Null
What is meant by a directional/one tailed hypothesis?
Researcher predicts the direction they think results will go in, so the difference they expect to find bw variables. E.g. there will be a significantly higher/faster/more (operationalised dv) when ppts (condition 1) compared to when ppts (condition 2)
What is meant by a non - directional/ two tailed hypothesis?
Researcher does not predict direction they think results will go in e.g. there will be a significant difference in (operationalised DV) when ppts (condition 1) compared to when ppts (condition 2)
What is meant by a null hypothesis?
States results were due to chance, IV wasnt manipulated. E.g. there will be no sig diff in (DV) between (condition 1) and (condition 2)
When do you use directional and non directional hypotheses?
Directional = all past research has shown, previous research has shown (direction has been stated)
Non - directional = new area of research, limited previous research and previous research findings have been mixed
