ITLS Ch 4 Hemorrhage Control And Shock

Question 1

Basic rules of shock management

Answer 1

Maintain airway
Maintain oxygenation and ventilation
Control bleeding
Maintain circulation

Question 2

Early shock

Answer 2

15-25% blood loss.
Moderate tachycardia, pallor, narrow PP, thirst, weakness, possible cap refil delay

Question 3

Late shock

Answer 3

30-45% blood loss.
HoTN, AMS

Question 4

4 shock syndromes

Answer 4

Low volume shock
High space shock (distributive)
Mechanical shock (obstructive)
Cardiogenic shock

Question 5

Head injury BP targets

Answer 5

110mmHg SBP

Question 6

Hallmark signs of tension pneumothorax

Answer 6

Decreased or absent breath sounds
Hyper resonance
Elevated neck veins
Deviated trachea
Cyanosis, DLOC

Question 7

Hallmark signs of cardiac tamponade

Answer 7

Distended neck veins
Hypotension
Muffled heart sounds
Narrow PP
Pulsus paradoxus

Question 8

Signs of cardiac contusion

Answer 8

Chest pain
Irregular pulse
JVD
Ventricular ectopy on ECG

Question 9

Fluid therapy goal for trauma

Answer 9

Return of radial pulses or 80-90mmHg SBP