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Certified Sommelier > Italy - Northern Italy > Flashcards

Italy - Northern Italy Flashcards

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1
Q

Northern Italy Regions NW-SE-NW

A
  • Valle D’Aosta
  • Lombardy
  • Trentino-Alto Adige
  • Fruili venezia Guilia
  • Veneto
  • Emilia - Romagna
  • Liguria
  • Piedmont
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2
Q

What does Piedmont mean?

A

at the foot of the mountains

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3
Q

What is the capital of Piedmont?

A

Turin

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4
Q

What was Piedmont called before it was incorporated into the Italian unification? When did this happen?

A

Sardinia-Piemonte

1861

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5
Q

How many DOC/DOCGs in Piedmont?

A

18 DOCG

41 DOC

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6
Q

Climate of Piedmont?

A

Continental

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7
Q

Key feature that protects Piedmont from certain weather?

A

Rain Shadow of the Alps

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8
Q

Where are most of Piedmonts vineyards?

A

South of Po

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9
Q

Soil type of Piedmont

A 
Calcareous Marl 
- Clay based that adds acidity to wine
-Delays ripening
Sandstone
-Less drainage
-Ideal for more structure and bolder wines
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10
Q

What hills lie beneath the Po River?

A

Langhe and Monferrato

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11
Q

Main Red Grapes of Piedmont

A

Nebbiolo
Barbera
Dolcetto

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12
Q

Where does Nebbiolo get its name from?

A

“La Nebbia” meaning morning Fog

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13
Q

Description of Dolcetto

A 
"Little Sweet One"
Tannic
Low acid
Fruity 
Meant for youthful consumption
Earliest to ripe
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14
Q

Description of Barbera

A 
High acid
Lively grape
Animated and vigorous
Low tannin
Dark color but light body
Enjoy young
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15
Q

Description of Nebbiolo

A 
Delicate aromas
Bold tannin
Light body
High acid
Medium fruit
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16
Q

White grapes of Piedmont

A 
Moscato Bianco
Cortese
Chardonnay
Arnies
Erbaluce
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17
Q

Another name for Moscato Bianco

A

Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains

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18
Q

Piedmont Provinces

A 
Alessandria
Asti
Biella
Cuneo
Novara
Torino
Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Vercelli

2A
1BCNT
2V

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19
Q

Which province are Barolo and Barbaresco located in?

A

Cuneo Province

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20
Q

Which river is next to Barbaresco and Barolo?

A

Tanaro

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21
Q

What are the main grapes of Babaresco and Barolo?

A

Nebbiolo

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22
Q

Which wine is known as the Wine of Kings?

A

Barolo

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23
Q

Which wine is known as the Wine of Queens?

A

Barbaresc

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24
Q

Aging requirements for Barolo

A 
Barolo - 38 months
18 months oak or chestnut
Barolo Riserva - 62 months
18 months oak 
Both from November 1 harvest
Barolo released fourth year following grape harvest after January 1st
Riserve 6th year
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25
Q

Aging requirements for Barbaresco

A

Barbaresco - 26 months
9 months in wood
Released after January 1st of the third year following the harvest
Barbaresco Riserva - 50 months
9 months in wood
May be released after January 1st of the fifth year following the harvest

Both must be aged from November 1st of the harvest year

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26
Q

Where must the origin of grapes used to produced Barbaresco wine must be from?

A

Neive
Treiso
Barbaresco
San Rocco Seno d’Elvio - part of Alba

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27
Q

Max elevation and min alcohol level for Barbaresco

A

550m (1800ft)

12% with vineyard specific 12.5%

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28
Q

Min and Max elevation for Barolo

Min alcohol

A

170m and 540m
12.5%
13% for vineyard specific

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29
Q

Grapes of Roero

A

Arneis

Nebbiolo

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30
Q

Aging requirements for Roero wines

A 
Bianco:
4 months
B Riserva:
16 months
Rosso:
20m 6 barrel
Riserva Rosso:
32m 6 barrel
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31
Q

Soil of Piedmont

A

Limestone and Sandstone

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32
Q

Where are the best vineyards in Barolo and Barbaresco?

A

Southern facing Hillsides with optimal exposure

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33
Q

When did Barbera d’Asti become a DOCG?

A

2008

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34
Q

What grape is used in Barbera d’Asti DOCG?

A

Barbera 90%

Freisa, Grignolino, or Dolcetto other

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35
Q

Where is Barbera d’asti located?

A

Monferrato hills east of Langhe

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36
Q

Barbera d’AstiDOC/DOCG status history

A

1970-DOC
2008-DOCG along with Superiore
2014-Nizza DOCG added

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37
Q

Which 2 regions must Barbera d’Asti DOCG Superiore must be made? Which is the “3rd” that was made a DOCG?

A
  • Nizza***
  • Tinella
  • Colli Astiani
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38
Q

Minimum elevation for Barbera d’Asti?

A

650m

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39
Q

Minimum alcohol for Barbera d’Asti?

A

12% d’Asti
12.5% d’Asti with “Vigna” + Superiore
13% Superiore with subzone

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40
Q

Aging requirement for Barbara d’Asti DOCG?

A

4 months

Oak Permitted

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41
Q

Aging requirement for Barbara d’Asti Superiore DOCG?

A

14 Months

6 Months cask

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42
Q

Aging requirement for Barbara d’Asti Superiore DOCG Subzones? Nizza DOCG?

A

`18 months - 6 months cask Nizza
24 months - 6 months bottle & 6 Months barrel
Colli Astiani/Tinella

43
Q

History of Barbera del Monferrato

A 
1970 DOC was established
2008 Superiore DOCG was established
14 months aged 6 months cask
Nov. 1 harvest
85% Barbera to 15% blend of Dolcetto, Friesa or Grignolino
11.5% ALC | 12% vigna | 13% superiore
44
Q

Ruche di Castagnole Monferrato DOCG history

A

Established DOCG in 2010
“Vigna” specification only with 3 year old vineyards
90% Ruche to 0-10% Brachetto or Barbera
12.5% Alc
Med Bodied, aromatic, pepper, florals, light fruit
Soft tannins

45
Q

What three DOCG’s make 100% Dolcetto wines?

A

Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore DOCG
Dolgiani DOCG
Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG

46
Q

Of the three 100% Dolcetto DOCG’s which can only be a DOCG if its Superiore Status?

A

Ovada

47
Q

Which of the three Dolcetto DOCG’s can produce both Superiore and Normale? Which can produce Riserva?

A

Dolgiani DOCG and Diano d’Alba DOCG can produce Superiore and Normale

Ovada Superiore can produce Superiore or Riserva

48
Q

Minimum alcohol and aging for Ovada DOCG?

A

Alc: 12.5% | vineyard 13%

Aging:

  • 12 superiore
  • 20 vineyard superiore
  • 24 riserva
49
Q

What is Sori?

A

Piemontese dialect for the part of the hillside where the snow melts first, meaning full southern exposure and therefore the best place for Nebbiolo vines.

50
Q

Minimum alcohol and aging for Diano d’Alba DOCG

A

Alc: 12% | sori 12.5%

Aging:

  • 2-3 Months for Normale
  • 10 months superiore
51
Q

Minimum alcohol and aging for Dolgiani?

A

Alc: 12% Normale | 13% Superiore

Aging:
12 months for both

52
Q

Main grape of Gavi?

A

Cortese

53
Q

Is Gavi Piedmontesque in wine style?

A

No it is more Liguarian

54
Q

Cortese di Gavi general wine description

A 
Dry, crisp, flinty
Fresh acid
Mineral rich
Floral bouquet 
Hints of almonds due to lees contact in wine making
55
Q

What style of wines are made in Gavi?

A

White still, spumante, and frizzante

56
Q

What is the Charmant Method?

A

A method invented in 1895 by Federico Martinotti and patented by Eugene Charmant in 1907

  • Starts like Method Traditional
  • Second fermentation occurs in stainless steel vats for one to six weeks
  • Filtering occurs prior to bottling to remove yeast
57
Q

What characteristics are different in wines made with Charmat versus Traditional?

A

Fresher, fruiter wines v

58
Q

What is largest DOCG producer of wine?

A

Asti

59
Q

When did Asti become DOCG status?

A

1993

60
Q

Difference between Moscato d’Asti and Asti Spumante

A

Spumante is a full sparkling wine and Moscato D’Asti is a frizzante partiality sparkling

  • Spumante higher alcohol / D’Asti lower alcohol
61
Q

Alta Langa DOCG permissible grapes?

A 
Chardonnay
Pinot Nero (Noir)
62
Q

How are sparkling wines made in Alta Langa?

A

Metodo Classico

63
Q

Aging requirements for Alta Langa wines?

A
  • 30 months for Spumante and Rosato Spumante

- 3 years for Riserva

64
Q

What three provinces grow the most grapes in Piedmont?

A

Asti
Alessandria
Cuneo

65
Q

Notable communes in Barolo and slight description

A

La Morra - Barbaresco style soil, hard to generalize wines

Barolo - Openly fragrant wines, less tense

Castiglione Falletto - Notable elegance, slightly powerful

Monforte d’Alba - Perfumed, powerful, elegant

Serralunga d’Alba - Very powerful, perfumed, and notable in elegance and layers

66
Q

Where is the Francia cru and who is it owned by?

A

Serralunga d’Alba commune in Barolo and it is owned by Giacomo Coterno

67
Q

What is the sorì of the Langhe and Monferrato hills of Piedmonte

A

Southern vineyard exposure

68
Q

Brachetto

Grignolino

Ruchè

Croatina

Vespolina

Freisa

These are all secondary grapes for what region in Italy

A

Piedmont red grapes

69
Q

Cortese

Arneis

Erbaluce

Favorita (Vermentino)

These are all secondary grapes to what region in Italy

A

Piedmont white grapes

70
Q

What river is Barolo and barbaresco located along

A

Tanaro

71
Q

How many communes in Barolo?

A

11

72
Q

What DOC is Barolo and Barbaresco located in?

A

Langhe DOC

73
Q

What two DOCG’s require 14 months aging with 6 months cask?

A

Barbera del Monferrato

Barbera d’Asti Superiore

74
Q

Ruche di Castagnole Monferrato DOCG produces aromatic reds using what grape?

A

Ruche

75
Q

Where are more traditional method sparkling wines made in Piedmont?

A

Alta Langa DOCG

76
Q

What wine from Piedmont requires;
30 months of aging after harvest
3 years for riserva

A

Alta Langa Spumante

77
Q

What are the aging requirements for Alta Langa?

A

30 months after harvest

Riserva 3 years

78
Q

When did Alta Langa gain DOC and DOCG status?

A

2002 and 2011

79
Q

Where are the grapes of Piedmont mostly grown?

A

Asti
Alessandria
Cuneo

80
Q

What white grape is the most grown in Piedmont?

A

Moscato Bianco

81
Q

What is the main grape of Asti Spumante?

A

Moscato Bianco

82
Q

Is the grape used in Moscato d’Asti the same as Asti Spumante?

A

yes just less riper for Asti Spumanti

83
Q

Difference between Moscato d’Asti and Asti Spumante

A

Moscato is a frizzante
Spumante is fully sparkling
Spumante has higher alcohol

84
Q

Barbera d’Asti

Barbera del Monferrato Superior are located at the bottom of what famous hills?

A

Monferrato Hills

85
Q

Typical alcohol level for Moscato d;Asti

A

4.5-6.5

86
Q

What two DOCGs are designated for Barbera and what is the minimum requirement for each?

A

Barbara d’Asti and Barbara del Monferrato Superiore

85%

87
Q

What is the maximum percent and blend for other grapes used in Barbara del Monferrato Superiore and Barbara d’Asti

A

15% Freisa
Griginolino
Dolcetto

88
Q

Minimum aging requirements for all 3 superior styles of Dolcetto?

A

1 year

89
Q

Diano d’Alba
Dogliani
Ovada
All have what in common?

A

They are 3 superiore styles of Dolcetto

90
Q

All major communes of Barolo

A 
La Morra
Castiglione Fallito
Serraluna d'Alba
Monforte d'Alba
Barolo
91
Q

Barolo and Barbaresco are set inside what DOC?

A

Langhe DOC

92
Q

The major communes of Barolo make up ___% of Barolo

A

90%

93
Q

How many communes in Barolo`

A

11

94
Q

What differs strongly between each commune in Barolo?

A

Soil Types

95
Q

What is Central Valley in Barolo?

A

Where La More and Barolo communes are set in. Elevation drops 200-250m

96
Q

What is Serralunga Valley

A

Where Serralunga d’Alba, Monforte d’Alba and Castignlione Fallato communes are set in

97
Q

Barolo soils can be broken down into how many types

A

Helvetian and Tortonion

98
Q

Difference between Helvetian and Tortonian soils

A

Tortonian is rich in magnesium and manganese.
Helvetian soils are rich in iron
Both are calcareous marls of marine origin

99
Q

What kind of wine does Tortonian soils generally produce?

A

Softer, more fragrant, and early maturing

Easily approachable

100
Q

What style of wine does Helvetian soils generally produce?

A

Richer, complex, fuller bodied wines with more structure and longevity/capability to age

101
Q

Where is Tortonian soils found in Barolo?

A

La Morra and Barolo communes

102
Q

Where is Helvetian soil located in Barolo?

A

East: Serralunga Valley

Serralunga, Castiglione Fallito, Monforte d’Alba

103
Q

What commune is most planted in Barolo?

A

La Morra

104
Q

What Separate the two soil types found in Barolo?

A

Alba-Barolo Road

Certified Sommelier (8 decks)

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