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History Alevel > Italy > Flashcards

Italy Flashcards

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1
Q

Risorgimento

A

resurgent Rebirth and in history it refers to the unification of Italy in 1870 which saw the creation of Italy as a new Italian nation with its capital in Rome

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2
Q

Anarchist

A

A person who believes in a violent overthrow of state authority and the establishment of a society without government rule or laws

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3
Q

Questione meridionale

A

The southern question whereby politicians and intellectuals try to understand the causes of and solutions to poverty in the South of Italy

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4
Q

ANI

A

Associazione nazionalista italiana, the right-wing nationalist party created in 1910 by Enrico corradini

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5
Q

, intervention crisis

A

The political crisis caused by Italy’s entry into WWI on the side of the triple Entente in May 1915

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6
Q

, futurist

A

Someone who believes that war would introduce a new more military Society - they celebrate violence patriotism and destruction

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7
Q

League of Nations

A

An organisation created after the first world war common made up of Nations from around the world, in attempt to maintain world peace

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8
Q

proportional representation

A

A voting system where the number of elected representatives elected into parliament is proportional to the percentage of votes a party receives

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9
Q

Trincerocrazia

A

A new class of men that Mussolini hope to unite comma linked and bound Together by The there wore consciousness and in the process, leaving their former geographical or class differences behind them

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10
Q

Anti clericalism

A

An ideology that seeks to oppose the clergy and it’s supposed privileges and elitism

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11
Q

Squadrismo

A

The organisation of small, military units of fascist, who sought to address the growth of socialism through extreme violence

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12
Q

Quadrumvirs

A

The four main leaders of fascism who Mussolini tasked with organising the March on Rome

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13
Q

Aventine secession

A

When 120 fascist deputies left parliament on the 13th of June 1924 in the wake of the material crisis, claiming that the government was unconstitutional and where a new Parliament on aventine hill outside Rome was created

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14
Q

Balilla

A

A boy from Genoa who supposedly started a revolt against Austrian rule in 1746 when he threw a stone at an Austrian official. in history the name was chosen for the fascist youth organization to represent the idea of a militarised youth who were ready to stand up to foreign Invaders

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15
Q

Opera nazionale dopolavoro

A

The national after work organisation which provided workers with a variety of social and sporting opportunities

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16
Q

Il duce

A

The Propaganda that sought to portray Mussolini as a leader of immense god-like ability who was leading Italy to greatness

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17
Q

Syndicalism

A

An economic system between capitalism and communism

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18
Q

Corporatism

A

An ideology where national economic planning would be determined by mixed union of workers and employers

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19
Q

Cartelisation

A

Forced mergers whereby large businesses were assisted by the fascist government to take over smaller companies

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20
Q

Ruralism

A

Economic and political policies which seek to protect and maintain country’s agricultural industry and peasant population

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21
Q

freemasonry

A

A worldwide organisation of secret clubs which initiate new members through a series of secret rituals and which provide advantages of employment or social connections to its members

22
Q

Plebiscite

A

A direct vote in which the entire population is asked to vote on a proposal that may lead to an amendment in the constitution

23
Q

Abyssinia

A

Large area of land in modern day Ethiopia

24
Q

Anschluss

A

The concept of a political Union between Austria and Germany

25
Q

Referendum

A

A direct vote in which the entire electorate is asked to make a decision on a certain proposal

26
Q

kingdom of the South

A

The Royal government created during the Italian Civil War in 1943 in Direct opposition to the Salo Republic in the North

27
Q

Deposed

A

The process whereby a political leader is removed from office suddenly and forcibly

28
Q

rome-berlin axis

A

The political diplomatic military and economic alliance between Germany and Italy

29
Q

Pact of Steel

A

The military and economic cooperation between Italy and Germany that was signed in May 1939 establishing the permanent political constellation between the fascist and the Nazis

30
Q

Vatican

A

The headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church

31
Q

Trasformismo

A

The process whereby governments would aim to form political Alliances by knowing how to by the support of MPs often through corruption

32
Q

Roman question

A

The split between the Italian state and the Catholic church Which Refuse to recognise the legitimacy of the unified nation

33
Q

Irredentism

A

A political movement that grew in the late 19th Century which demanded that all Italian speaking should be incorporated into Italy

34
Q

liberal Italy

A

The period of political governments by broadly liberating governments between 1870 and 1922

35
Q

Treaty of London

A

The secret pact Italy Made to support Britain France and Russia in WWI in return for much of the irredenteLand

36
Q

Carporetto

A

location of a battle in WWI where Italian forces suffered and embarrassing defeat to Austria

37
Q

Mutilated Victory

A

The national shame Italy suffered at the Treaty of Versailles where they gave very little territory for their sacrifices in WWI

38
Q

Biennio rosso

A

The period of considerable Labour militancy and strikes that took place in Italy between 1919 and 1920

39
Q

Fasci di combattimento

A

The title given to Mussolini creation of a league of ex soldiers committed to the ideology of fascism

40
Q

New programme

A

The policies that Mussolini adopted in the second fascist national Congress which formalized his ideology conversion from a left wing to right-wing agenda

41
Q

totalitarian

A

A system of centralised government which has complete power over all aspects of life inside a country

42
Q

Martial law

A

When the military takes complete control over the normal civilian functions of government

43
Q

Consolidation

A

The process through which political leaders and organisations increase their power and Control

44
Q

Indoctrination

A

The process of teaching a person or group to accept a set of beliefs uncritically

45
Q

Coercion

A

The action of persuading someone to do something by force or threats

46
Q

Autarky

A

The policy of achieving Economic self-sufficiency and independence

47
Q

Concordat

A

An agreement between the Catholic church and a sovereign state

48
Q

grand Council

A

The cabinet in the fascist party

49
Q

Republic of Salo

A

The fascist state Mussolini created in the north of Italy during the civil war between 1943 and 1945

50
Q

Partisan

A

A member of an armed group formed to fight secretly against an occupying Force

History Alevel (3 decks)

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