Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

WSET3-Selin > Italy > Flashcards

Italy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main natural factors in Northern Italy?

A

**vinyards are located:
1- in foothills of the Alps
2-on the extensive plain of the River Po

    • The Alps form a barrier and shelter the vineyards from rain
    • Rivers, including the Po, and glacial lakes, such as Lake Garda, provide a moderating influence to inland areas.
  • *Areas close to the sea can have higher levels of rainfall, meaning that fungal diseases can be a problem.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How are the vineyards planted in north of Italy and how is the trellising system?

A

**traditionally planted: high yielding vines at low densities.
**pergola:
1- protects the grapes from sunburn
2-allows air to circulate, minimising the risk of rot.

However, higher density plantings using VSP training are now more common.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why are pergolas used?

A

1- protects the grapes from sunburn
**so, when high acidity and low sugar levels are required
2-allows air to circulate, minimising the risk of rot.
**so, when wines are to be made from dried grapes, which need to be free from damage and disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is Italy’s most northerly wine region?

A

Alto Adige

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the main natural factor effecting the style of the wine in Northern Italy?

A

Altitude. Most of the vineyards experience a large diurnal range due to their altitudes, making them ideal for the production of aromatic whites and elegant, light-bodied reds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is Trentine different than Alto Adigein Northern Italy?

A

Trentino has dry summers and low rainfall during the growing season, similar to Alto Adige, but overall the vineyards experience a slightly warmer climate. This is due to Trentino’s more southerly latitude, the greater number of vineyards at lower altitudes, and the mountains to the west side of the valley that protect the region from the cooling influences of Lake Garcia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the main grape variety in TRENTINO-ALTO ADIGE ?

A

Pinot Grigio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does the winestyle change due to the location in Trentino-Alto Adige?

A
  • *In Trentino, wines made from grapes grown on the valley floor: medium-bodied with medium acidity and ripe stone fruit flavours.
  • *In Trentino wines made from grapes grown at higher altitudes are more similar to the whites from Alto Adige : light to medium body, high acidity and citrus and green fruit flavours
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the richest Pinot Grigio in Italy produced?

A

Friuli-Venezia Giulia produces some of the richest Pinot Grigio in Italy, the medium- to full -bodied wines displaying juicy peach and tropical fruit flavours.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Whereis the home for Soave and Valpolicella in Italy?

A

Veneto

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give an example of IGT wine in Italy? (PGI)

A

Veneto IGT

PDO: DOC
PGI : IGT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is the natural factors effecting the wine style in Soave?

A
  • *The soils on the foothills are made up of limestone and clay with some volcanic rocks. These soils are naturally cool, and this together with the influence of altitude, slows down ripening, leading to grapes with full flavour ripeness yet high acidity . The wines are capable of maturing for a number of years.
    • The vines on the plain are planted on sandy, alluvial soils that aid ripening so the grapes are fruitier with medium acidity and wines are meant to be drunk young.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the grape variety of Soave?

A

Garganega

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe a typical Soave.

A

medium to high acidity levels, medium body and display aromas of pears, red apple, stone fruit and sometimes white pepper. They do not typically display any aromas or flavours of new oak. The best examples can age, developing aromas of almonds and honey.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is Soave Classico DOC different than Soave DOC?

A

Wines made using grapes from the entire region can be labelled Soave DOC but wines made using grapes from the foothills can be labelled Soave Classico DOC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is the natural factors effecting the style of the wine in Valpolicalla?

A

Similar to Soave.
The foothills in the north have limestone, clay and volcanic soils, which slow down ripening so the grapes have more acidity. The soils in the flatter south of the region are gravel and sand, which is warmer, so the grapes are fruitier with less acidity .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the main grape in Valpolicella?

A

Corvina : thin skin, moderate colour, low to medium tannins and high acidity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How is Valpolicalla DOC different than Valpolicalla Classico DOC?

A

Wines made using grapes from the entire region can be labelled as Valpolicella DOC and wines made using grapes from foothills can be labelled Valpolicella Classico DOC.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why is passito method used?

A

1- to increase structure
2- to increase the flavour concentration
3- to increase the colour in the case of red wines

20
Q

Describe the passito method.

A

1- The grapes are picked early when they are still high in acidity.
2- dried indoors, concentrating the sugars and flavours.
3-The fermentation does not get underway until the winter months.

21
Q

What are the types of passito wines in Valpolicella?

A

1- Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG are dry or off-dry in style.
full-bodied, with high alcohol, medium to high tannins and intensely concentrated red berry and spice flavours.
These wines are usually aged in large oak casks.
2- Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG are made from grapes that are so sweet the fermentation stops naturally. These sweet wines have intense red fruit flavours, high alcohol levels, a full body, and medium to high tannins .

22
Q

Describe ripasso method?

A

The ripasso method uses grape skins from a fermenting Amarone della Valpolicella.
Shortly before fermentation finishes the Amarone is drained off the skins.
The skins remain unpressed and are added to a vat of Valpolicella that has finished its fermentation.
Yeast, which are also transferred in this
process, ferment the remaining sugar on the Amarone grape skins, during which time the grape skins give more colour, flavour and tannins to the wine they have been added to.
Wines made in this method can be labelled Valpolicella Ripasso DOC and are medium to fullbodied with medium to high tannins and flavours of stewed red cherries and plums

23
Q

Describe Valpolicella Ripasso DOC.

A

medium to fullbodied
medium to high tannins
medium to high flavours of stewed red cherries and plums

24
Q

What are the main grape varieties in Piemonte?

A

black : Nebbiolo, Barbera and Dolcetto

white : Cortese and Moscato (Muscat)

25
Q

In which area there is no IGT or IGP for the region with all wines achieving either DOC or DOCG status?

A

Piemonte

26
Q

Describe Nebbiolo grape

A

high acidity
high tannins
little colour

27
Q

Describe Barolo DOCG

A

entirely from Nebbiolo: high acidity and tannins but little colour.
The grapes ripen slowly at these altitudes developing perfumed aromas of sour cherries, herbs and sometimes dried flowers.
Barolo DOCG must be aged for three years before release, of which 18 months must be in oak.

28
Q

What was the challenge in Barolo’s traditionally, and how wa sit being solved? How is the picture now?

A

harsh tannins.
Traditionally, Barolo was aged for several years in large oak barrels to soften harsh tannins.
Today, improvements in vineyard management are made:
gentler methods of extraction result in wines with smoother, riper tannins, and mean that many producers now choose to mature their wines for shorter periods of time .

29
Q

How Barolo wines tend to benefit from further bottle ageing in termd of the wine style?

A

Bottle aging continues to soften the tannins and adds further complexity, giving the wine aromas of truffles, tar and leather.

30
Q

How is style Barbaresco different than Barolo?

A

FRUTIER, LESS PERFUMED.
altitude is lower and there is an influence from a local river.
This means that Nebbiolo ripens earlier here compared with Barolo and is fruitier and less perfumed.
It has similar acidity and tannin levels, which gives the wines the ability to age in bottle.
By law, Barbaresco DOCG must be aged for two years before release, with 9 months in oak.
As the region is smaller than Barolo, there are fewer mentions of villages on the labels but higher quality wines will be from a single named vineyard or cru.

31
Q

How is Dolcetto different than Nebbiolo and Barbera?

A

earlier ripening than Nebbiolo and Barbera and therefore can be planted in the coolest sites.
Dolcetto d’Alba DOC tends to produce many of the finest wines.
The wines have a deep, often purple, colour with medium to high tannins and medium acidity.
They display aromas of black plums, red cherries and dried herbs.

32
Q

Whic grape is Gavi DOCG?

A

Cortese

33
Q

What is the main natual factor in Central Italy?

A

Apennine Mountains,
Grapes are planted in the hills and valleys of this mountain range with altitude providing a moderating influence on the hot climate.
Coastal regions on both sides of the country benefit from cooling sea breezes.

34
Q

Tuscany can be divided roughly into three parts:

A

1- the mountainous Chianti region in the north
2- the hills and valleys to the south
3- flat coastal plain

35
Q

Describe the Sangiovese grape and the effects on the wine.

A

th high levels of acidity and tannin.
It is late to ripen, so needs a warm climate.
The wines have aromas of red cherries, plums and dried herbs and are usually aged for a period of time in oak to soften the tannins and sometimes add spicy flavours.
With bottle age the wines develop meaty and gamey aromas.

36
Q

How is Chianti Classico DOCG different than the rest of Chianti?

A

Chianti Classico DOCG has its own DOCG and is not a sub-zone of Chianti DOCG. Its vineyards are at higher altitudes than those of Chianti DOCG, slowing the ripening of Sangiovese, and resulting in wines with greater acidity and more herbal aromas.

37
Q

How şs the maturation in Chianti Classico’s?

A

Chianti Classico DOCG :aged for 12 months
Chianti Classico Riserva DOCG: aged for 24 months of which at least three months must be spent bottle ageing.
Gran Selezione : grapes must be sourced from a single estate and the wines aged for six months longer than Riserva.
There are no stipulations concerning oak ageing, and it is therefore the producer’s decision as to whether the wine is matured in oak and for how long.

38
Q

What are the best 2 known regions known in South Tuscany?

How are the regulations for both?

A

1- Brunello di Montalcino DOCG

  • *entirely from Sangiovese
  • *undergo a minimum ageing of five years before they are sold, two of which must be spent in oak.

2-Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG

  • *can be a blend of Sangiovese with other permitted varieties
  • *must be aged for a minimum of two years before it is sold

Producers from both Brunello di Montalcino and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano can declassify their wines to DOC as necessary (for example, if there is a poor vintage or the vines are very young). These wines are called either Rosso di Montalcino DOC or Rosso di Montepulciano DOC respectively.

39
Q

How is the Southern Tuscany different than Chianti?

A

The vineyards of southern Tuscany are at lower altitudes than those in the north and have a warmer climate; however, cool maritime breezes from the south-west can moderate the temperatures.
Due to the climate, wines from this part of Tuscany are often more intense and fuller-bodied than the wines from Chianti.

40
Q

How are super-tuscans classified ?

A

Toscana IGT.

but the relatively recently formed appellations of Bolgheri DOC are permitted tı use international varieties

41
Q

Which grapes are used in Orvieto DOC?

A

Grechetto and Trebbiano

42
Q

Which grape is best known in Marche? And what is the famous apellation?

A

Verdicchio

Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC

43
Q

Which grape is Abruzzo famous for? And what is the apellation?

A

Montepulciano

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC

44
Q

Describe Montepulciano grape.

A

The Montepulciano grape has high levels of colour and tannins, medium acidity and flavours of black plums and cherries. Many wines are simple and fruity, made without any oak ageing, but the most concentrated examples are often matured for a short time in oak

45
Q

Which is the most prestigious black grape variety of South Italy?

A 
Aglianico
deep colour
high acidity
high tannin
flavours of black fruit

WSET3-Selin (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions