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Italy Flashcards

1
Q

When were the first DOCGs awarded in Italy? What were they?

A

1980: Brunello, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano, Barolo

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2
Q

When was the Italian DOC/G system introduced?

A

1963

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3
Q

What did Goria’s Law do? When?

A

1992: Established the IGT and attempted to reform wine laws, giving producers more freedom.

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4
Q

How long much a DOC wait before applying for DOCG status?

A

5 years

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5
Q

What is the EU equivalent of IGT

A

PDI (Protected Geographical Indication

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6
Q

What mountains run down the center of Italy?

A

Apennine Mountains

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7
Q

What does Piedmont mean?

A

“foot of the mountain”

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8
Q

Piedmont is surrounded on three sides by what?

A

Apennines and Alps

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9
Q

What river runs east-to-west through Piedmont?

A

Po River

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10
Q

Why are most of Piedmont’s vineyards located on the hillsides?

A

The alluvial valleys are too fertile for viticulture

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11
Q

Describe the climate of Piedmont

A

Continental climate - rain shadow provided by the Alps. Autumn hail is an issue

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12
Q

On what Piedmontese hills are most vineyards located?

A

Monferrato and Langhe hills

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13
Q

What are sorì?

A

Prized southern Piedmontese exposures suitable for Nebbiolo

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14
Q

Describe the Nebbiolo grape and the wine it typically produces

A

Thin-skinned, late-ripening black grape producing high acid, high alcohol, high tannin red wines capable of very long aging.

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15
Q

From where does Nebbiolo get its name?

A

“La Nebbia” the morning fog that extends the grapes’ ripening time in the fall

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16
Q

Which ripens earliest: Nebbiolo, Dolcetto, Barbera?

A

Dolcetto

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17
Q

What is the most widely planted red grape in Piedmont?

A

Barbera

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18
Q

Name any other red grapes of Piedmont (Not Barbera, Nebbiolo, Docletto)

A

Brachetto, Grignolino, Ruchè, Croatina, Bespolina, Freisa

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19
Q

What is the most widely planted white grape in Piedmont? What type of wine is typically made with it and where?

A

Moscato Bianco / Muscat à Petits Grains

Sparkling wines in Asti

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20
Q

Name four white Piedmontese grapes, not Moscato Bianco

A

Cortese, Arneis, Erbaluce, Favorita/Vermentino

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21
Q

What is Vermentino called in Piedmont?

A

Favorita

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22
Q

Barolo and Barbaresco both border which river?

A

Tanaro

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23
Q

How many DOCGs are in Piedmont?

Name as many Piedmontese as possible

A 
17
Alta Langa
Asti
Barbaresco
Barbera d'Asti
Barbera del Monferrato Superiore
Barolo
Brachetto d'Acqui
Dogliani
Dolcetto di Diano d'Alba
Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore
Erbaluce di Caluso/Caluso
Gattinara
Gavi/Coretse di Gavi
Ghemme
Nizza
Roero
Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato
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24
Q

Which five communes produce the most Barolo?

A

La Morra, Barolo, Serralunga d’Alba, Monforte d’Alba, Castiglione Falletto

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25
Name and describe the two most common soil types in Barolo, and locate them
Tortonian (calcareous marl): La Morra, Barolo | Helvetian sandstone: Monforte d'Alba, Serralunga d'Alba
26
What are the aging requirements for Barolo and Barolo Riserva?
Barolo: 38 months aging from November 1 following harvest, including 18 months in oak Barolo Riserva: 62 months from November 1 following harvest, including 18 in oak
27
How many communes may produce Barolo? Name as many as possible
12: Barolo, Castiglione Falletto, Serralunga d'Alba, Monforte d'Alba, La Morra, Diano d'Alba, Novello, Verduno, Grinzane, Cavour, Cherasco, Roddi
28
What is the minimum alcohol % for Barolo?
13%
29
What is the meaning of "menzioni geografiche aggiuntive" on a Barolo or Barbaresco label?
That the wine comes from a "geographical designation" or cru, legally established in 2010/2007 respectively.
30
What is the minimum alcohol % for Barbaresco?
12.5%
31
What four communes may produce Barbaresco?
Barbaresco, Neive, Treiso, San Rocco Senodelvio
32
What are the aging requirements for Barbaresco and Barbaresco Riserva?
Barbaresco: 26 months aging from November 1 following harvest, including 9 in wood. May be released January 1 of third year following harvest Barbaresco Riserva: 50 months aging from November 1 following harvest, including 9 in wood. May be released January 1 of third year following harvest
33
Where is Roero located relative to Barolo/Barbaresco?
Northwest of both, across the Tanaro river
34
What is the principal soil type of Barbaresco?
Tortonian calcareous marl
35
When was Roero DOCG established?
2004
36
Describe the stylistic differences between Gattinara DOCG/Ghemme DOCG and Barolo DOCG/Barbaresco DOCG?
Gattinara and Theme are typically lighter in body and more focused on acidity.
37
What varieties are required for Roero, red and white?
Red: minimum 95% Nebbiolo White: minimum 95% Arneis 5% other non-aromatic Piedmontese grapes
38
What river borders both Gattinara DOCG and Ghemme DOCG?
Sesia River
39
Synonym for Nebbiolo in Gattinara and Ghemme?
Spanna
40
What grapes are permitted for blending with Nebbiolo in Gattinara and Ghemme?
Vespolina and Bonarda
41
What were the first DOCGs for the Barbera grape, and when were they added?
2008: Barbera d'Asti and Barbera del Monferrato Superiore
42
What are the three DOCGs for Dolcetto?
Dogliani, Dolcetti di Ovada Superiore, Dolcetto di Diano d'Alba
43
What was the first DOCG in Piedmont for still white wine?
Cortese di Gavi
44
Vineyards in the Valle d'Aosta are located along which river?
Dora Baltea River
45
What is the only DOC/G in Valle d'Aosta?
Valle d'Aosta DOC
46
What are the sub zones of Valle d'Aosta DOC?
Arnad Montjovet, Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle, Chambave, Donnas, Enger d'Arvier, Nus, Torrette
47
Synonym for Nebbiolo in Valle d'Aosta?
Picotendro
48
What white grapes are allowed for varietal designated wines in Valle d'Aosta?
Müller-Thurgau, Pinot Grigio, Pinot Bianco, Chardonnay, Petite Arvine, Moscato Bianco, Traminer, Gweürztraminer, Pinot Nero (vinified white)
49
What red grapes are allowed for varietal designated white in Valle d'Aosta?
Pinot Nero, Mayolet, Merlot, Premetta, Gamaret, Vuillermin, Fumin, Syrah, Cornalin, Nebbiolo, Petit Rouge
50
When was the Franciacorta DOCG established?
1995
51
What grapes are permitted for Franciacorta DOCG?
Pinot Nero, Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco
52
What are the aging requirements for Franciacorta and Franciacorta Riserva?
Franciacorta: 25 months from date of harvest, including 18 on lees post-tirage Riserva: 67 months from date of harvest, including 60 on lees post-tirage Tirage may not take place until February 1 the year following harvest
53
What sweetness levels are permitted for Franciacorta Millesimato?
Dosaggio Zero, Extra Brut, Brut, Extra Dry
54
What Lombardian DOCG other than Franciacorta produces traditional method sparkling wine?
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG
55
Synonym for Nebbiolo in Valtellina?
Chiavennasca
56
What are the sub zones of Valtellina Superiore DOCG?
Valgella, Inferno, Grumello, Sassella, Maroggia
57
What is Valtellina Superiore called if bottled in Switzerland?
Stagafassli
58
How long must grapes be dried for Moscato di Scanzo?
21 days after harvest
59
Synonym for Vermention in Liguria?
Pigato
60
What was Italy's first white wine DOCG and when was it established?
Romagna Albana - 1987
61
What agricultural product is grown in the valleys of Trentino Alto-Adige?
Apples!
62
What is the primary grape of Valpolicella wines?
Corvina
63
What is the process for Amarone della Valpolicella?
The grapes are dried for 3+ months in lofts (fruttai) before fermentated until dry or nearly dry. Aged minimum of two years
64
What is the traditional aging vessel for Amarone della Valpolicella?
large, neutral Slavonian botti
65
What grapes are permitted for Soave?
Min 70% Garganega, plus Trebbiano di Soave and Charddonay
66
What is the grape of Prosecco?
Glera
67
What two DOCGs were established for Venetian sparkling wines, and when?
2009 - Asolo Prosecco DOCG, Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG
68
What is the most widely planted grape in Friuli?
Merlot
69
What body of water separates Sicily from mainland Italy?
Strait of Messina
70
What is the most widely planted grape in Sicily?
Catarratto
71
What is the only DOCG in Sicily?
Cerasuolo di Vittoria
72
Synonym for Grenache in Sicily/Sardinia?
Cannonau
73
What is the only DOCG in Sardinia?
Vermention di Gallura

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