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WSET 3 > Italy > Flashcards

Italy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Classico?

A

Classico means that the wine is made solely from the original classified land

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2
Q

What is the Italian
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)

A

Denominazione de origine Protetta

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3
Q

the meaning of DOC and DOCG

A

The wine has geografical boundaries, limitation on grape varieties and production method

Stricter regulations and mostly be bottled in area of regulations

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4
Q

Riserva meaning?

A

this term acknowledges wines with Higher alcohol and longer ageing than the minimum stipulated by appelation laws

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5
Q

Climate of Northern Italy and of Alto Adidge and grape here?

A

Moderate climate with short dry summers makes Pinot Grigio in a dry style with high acidity and green fruit flavours

Schiava-red grape here

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6
Q

Why is Trentino slightly warmer and what grape is main variety here ?

A

It is more south and more vineyards on lower altitudes and mountains to the west protecting from the cooling influences of lake garda

Pinot grigio is also main variety here but also chardonnay and merlot is widely planted

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7
Q

Where is Friulia-Venezia Giulia located?

A

In the north eastern corner of Italy

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8
Q

Friuli-venezia Giulia is famous for making some of the richest Pinot Grigio in Italy, what other style of wine are they famous for?

A

Friulano is a local grape to the area making white wines. Orange wines are also made in this area

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9
Q

DOC in Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

A

Friuli Grave DOC
wines from the plain, fruity and simple

Collio DOC
Colli Orientali DOC (also reds, Merlot)
Both in the hills, premium wines

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10
Q

What are the climate and the cooling influences of Veneto?

A

The climate here is warm with moderate rainfall. Lake garda cools the vineyards in the west of the region. Cooling influences also come from altitude in the foothill of the alps exposing the vineyards to a large diurnal range.

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11
Q

Soil of Soave foothills and mainland?

A

Foothills are made up of limestone and clay with some volcanic rocks.

Mainland is Sand and alluvial soil.

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12
Q

what famous wine is made by garganega

A

Soave

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13
Q

What sparkling wine is made in Veneto?

A

Most Prosecco is made in veneto,
can also be made in Friuli-Venezia Giulia

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14
Q

Where is Valpolicella located?

A

North west of Verona with a simillar topography of Soave.

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14
Q

Soil of Valpolicella?

A

Foothills in North
Limestone, clay and volcanic soil

which slow down ripening so the grape has more acidity.

The flatter South
Sand and gravel

wich is warmer so the grapes are fruitier with a lower acidity.

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of
Valpolicella Classico DOC
or Valpolicella DOC?

A

Corvina and local varities can be added to the blend.

Simple wines, fruity with light tannins, display red cherry flavours and rarely oaked.

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16
Q

What is the Passito method?

A

Early picked grapes for keeping the acidity.
Dried indoors, concentrating sugars and flavours. and fermented first in the winter months.

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17
Q

What are the two types of passito wines?

A

Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG

Dry to Off-dry, Full bodied, High Alcohol
Medium to high tannin
With concentrated red berry and spice,
aged in oak.

Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG

Made from grapes that are so sweet that the fermentation stops. sweet wines with intense red fruit. Medium to high alcohol, medium to high tannin.

Recioto di Soave DOCG
Sweet white recioto from Soave region.

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18
Q

What is the Ripasso Method?

A

Uses the grape skins from fermenting Amarone di Valpolicella. before fermentation is finished the Amarone is drained of its skins. fully fermented Valpolicella wine is then added to the skins. remaining sugar on the Amarone skins ferments of yeast from the skins together with the amarone skins adding flavour, colour and tannins. Ripasso di Valpolicella DOC

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19
Q

What are the main climate influences of Piemonte?

A

Piemonte has a Moderate Continental climate with a rainshadow from the Alps in the North
protecting from Northly winds.

Can be subject to Thunderstorms, hail and fog.

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20
Q

What are the main grapes of Piemonte?

A

Nebbiolo
Dolcetto
Barbera

Cortese
Moscato

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21
Q

Famous wine areas of Piemonte around the town of Alba?

A

Barolo DOCG
Barbaresco DOCG

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22
Q

What is typical for Barolo vineyards?

A

Several villages with all
Steep South Facing slopes (300 to 500 m)

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23
Q

What are the grape of Barolo DOCG?

A

Must be made from entierly Nebbiolo

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24
Q

What are the main characteristics of Nebbiolo?

A

High level of acidity and tannin but little colour.

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25
Q

Usually the grapes of Barolo is picked from different villages and if there is a specific village on the lable all grapes must come from that village, name two?

A

Barolo serralunga d`alba DOCG
Barolo cannubi DOCG

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26
Q

what is the ageing requirement of
Barolo DOCG?

A

It must have been aged for a minimum of
38 months with atleast 18 months in wood

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27
Q

How is the vineyards located in Barbaresco?

A

The vineyards are located on south facing slopes but on a lower level than those in Barolo.
(200 to 400m)

28
Q

what aspects contribute to the ripening in Barbaresco?

A

the lower altitude and the influence of a local river makes the Nebbiolo ripen earlier than in Barolo and are fruitier with less perfumed
but similar
acidity and tannin level.

29
Q

Ageing requirement of Barbaresco DOCG?

A

Barbaresco DOCG must be aged for minimum of 26 months with atleast 9 months in wood

30
Q

what are the most planted grape variety of Asti and Alba?

A

Barbera

it is used to make
Barbera d Asti DOCG
Barbera d Alba DOC

31
Q

What are the two main styles of Barbera d’Asti?

A

youthful and fruity with no oak influence

Barrel aged to give spicy flavours

32
Q

Dolcetto can be planted in the coolest sites, why?

A

Its because Dolcetto is ripening earlier than Nebbiolo and Barbera

33
Q

What is also Asti famous for?

A

ASti is famous for its frizzante wine
Moscato d Asti

34
Q

Where is Gavi DOCG?

A

South eastern Piemonte

35
Q

what are the climatic aspects of Gavi DOCG?

A

the vines are grown in hills with cooling influence from sea breeze and Altitude

36
Q

What is the Grape of Gavi?

A

Cortese

37
Q

What is the main influence of grape growing in the Central Italy?

A

Apennine Mountains
are runnig along the Italian peninsula.
Grapes are planted in hills and valleys.
Altitude providing a moderating influence on the hot climate.

coastal regions on both sides benefit from sea breezes

38
Q

Tuscany divided in three parts?

A

the Mountainous Chianti region in the North
Hills and Valleys to the south
Flat coastal plain

39
Q

What is Tuscanys main grape?

A

Sangiovese

40
Q

Sangiovese in Tuscany can develop ageing tones such as?

A

with bottle age the wine develop Gamey and Meaty Aromas

41
Q

Where is Chianti Located?

A

In the foothill of the Apennines

42
Q

2 Sub zones in Chianti?

A

Chianti Rufina DOCG
Chianti colli senesi DOCG

is well known for the quality of their wines.

43
Q

what grapes are usually used in Chianti?

A

Sangiovese is the dominant grape here but usually blended with other black grape varieties from both French and Italian origin.

44
Q

what is the difference between Chianti DOCG
and Chianti classico DOCG?

A

Chianti Classico is not a Sub zone.
vineyards on higher Altitude. higher acidity and herbal aromas.

Chianti classico DOCG
Must be aged for 12 months

45
Q

How long Ageing on
Chianti Clacssico Riserva DOCG?

A

24 Months atleast 3 months bottle ageing

46
Q

what is the highest designation for Chianti classico wines?

A

Gran Selezione

Grapes from single Estate
30 months ageing

ageing for 6 months longer than Riserva

47
Q

2 DOCG in Tuscany?

A

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG

48
Q

Climate of Tuscany?

A

The vineyards in South is at lower Altitudes and have a warm climate, moderated by cool maritime breezes from the south west.

49
Q

What is Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

Brunello di Motalcino must be entierly made of Sangiovese.
Must be released from winery in January 5 year after harvest.
Must spend minimum of 2 years in wood vessels.

50
Q

What is Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?

A

Can be blend of Sangiovese with other permitted grapes.
Must be aged for min 2 years before sold.

51
Q

What is the name of declasified wine from
Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?

A

Rosso di Montalcino DOC
Rosso di Montepulciano DOC

52
Q

The relativly flat coast land in Tuscany is cooled by sea breezes rather than altitude, what are the common grapes of the coastal part?

A

The first Super Tuscan was made here and here grows international varieties mostly blended with italian.
Many bottled as Toscana IGT
or recently formed apellation of
Bolgheri DOC. both Allow for example’
Cabernet Sauv, Merlot, Syrah

53
Q

Climate of Umbria?

A

The climate of Umbria is similar to Tuscanys but a bit more continental without any influences of the Mediterranean.

54
Q

What is umbria known for?

A

ORVIETO DOC
There white wine
blend of
Grechetto, Trebbiano and some local grapes.

high acid, peach and grapefuity.

55
Q

What is Lazio known for?

A

FRASCATI DOC
blend of
Malvasia, Trebbiano
fresh unoaked, high acid, citrus
Malvasia providing, floral, orange blossom aromas

56
Q

MARCHE is known for?

A

white wines from Verdicchio Grape.

most famous is
Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC

57
Q

what is Abruzzo famous for?

A

Montepulciano grape

Montepulciano di Abruzzo DOC
(high tannin and colour, medium acidity, black plum and cherries)

58
Q

What is the climate of Southern Italy?

A

The climate is HOT and DRY inland, becoming HUMID near the coast.

59
Q

How did Puglia and sicily protect their grapes traditionally?

A

By low planted bush vines with leaf covering the grapes from sunburn.

60
Q

What are most common training method in Puglia and Sicily today?

A

Today is most common with cordon training and trellising.

61
Q

What grapes are best known for Campania?

A

Fiano
Fiano di Avellino DOCG
Greco
Greco di Tufo DOCG

Aglianico for Reds

62
Q

Where is Aglianico best in Campania?

A

Taurasi DOCG

63
Q

Basilcata just below Campania, vineyards can reach to 900 m around High platue of extinct Volcano of Monte Vulture, what is the DOC here?

A

Aglianico del Vulture DOC

64
Q

Puglia is known for Larger production theanks to the hot climate. red grapes are dominating Puglia, wich ones?

A

Negroamaro
Primitivo (Zinfandel)

High yield
sold as Puglia IGT

High quality full bodied Negroamaro
Salice Salentino DOC

65
Q

Dominated Red grape of sicily in
Sicilia DOC?

A

Nero d’avola

66
Q

International varities of Sicily?

A

Chardonnay and Syrah

67
Q

What is the high quality DOC of Sicily?

A

Etna DOC

Reds made from
Nerello Mascalese
Nerello Cappucino

blended to high acid and high tannin, aromas of red cherries, cranberries, herbs.

68
Q

What is the difference in soil between Barolo and Barbaresco?

A

On averageBarbaresco can be defined as Silty-Loam, Nebbiolo in these soils exhibit his extreme finesse and elegance.

Barolo with a Clay-Loam average soil, tends to show more opulence.

WSET 3 (8 decks)

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