Italian Unification in facts Flashcards
Who betrayed the Carbonari by bringing Austrian troops to stop their revolution in Modena in 1831?
Francesco IV
Who led the papal states revolution in 1831?
Colonel Sercognani
How many followers did Young Italy have by 1840?
50,000
What percentage of all the Austrian Empire’s tax revenue came from Lombardy-Venetia in 1848?
One third
Life expectancy in Naples in 1848?
24 years
How many Sicilians died in the 1836 cholera outbreak?
65,000
What did the Pope create in 1847?
An elected body of advisers called the ‘Consulta’
Which states joined together in a free trade group in the 1840s?
Piedmont, Tuscany and Papal States
What did Sicily do in April 1848?
Elect a government and declare independence
How many soldiers did Ferdinand retake Naples and Sicily with in September 1848?
20,000
What did Naples do in May 1848?
Set up a bicameral Parliament and severed ties with Austria
How many French troops laid siege to the Roman Republic in June 1849?
20,000
Which agreement expelled Piedmontese troops from Lombardy in August 1848?
Armistice of Salasco
What reparations did Piedmont pay to Austria in August 1849?
65 million francs
What percentage of the Piedmontese population could vote for representatives in the Chamber of Deputies in 1849?
2%
How much money did the Piedmontese government free up after closing 152 non-charitable state-funded monasteries in 1853?
£145,000
Invested in Cavour’s infrastructure programs
How many kilometers of railway did Piedmont have by 1859?
819km
By what percentage did Piedmont’s tax income increase by after Cavour became PM in 1852?
80%
Raised tax income from 90 million lire to 164 million lire
By how much had public debt increased by between 1847 and 1859 in Piedmont?
600 million lire
How many members did the National Society have by 1857?
8,000
How many soldiers did Louis Napoleon commit to the Second Italian War of Independence in 1859?
200,000
How many French troops died and were injured at the Battle of Magenta in 1859?
650 dead
3,800 injured
How many Austrian troops died and were injured/captured at the Battle of Magenta in 1859?
1,350 dead
9,000 injured/ captured
How many Franco-Piedmontese troops died and were wounded at the Battle of Solferino in 1859?
2,300 dead
12,000 wounded
How many Austrian troops died and were wounded at the Battle of Solferino in 1859?
2,400 dead
10,600 wounded
9,300 Missing in Action
Plebiscite results in Emilia for annexation to Piedmont in 1860?
Yes: 427,000
No: 756
Plebiscite results in Tuscany for annexation to Piedmont in 1860?
Yes: 386,000
No: 15,000
How many men did Garibaldi sail to Sicily with in May 1860?
1,200
How many soldiers did the Sicilian Army have, which Garibaldi defeated in May 1860?
20,000
How many men did Garibaldi gather to march on Rome in 1862?
4,000
At which battle did the French easily defeat Garibaldi at in 1867 when he tried to retake Rome once more?
Mentana
How many Southern Outlaws (called Brigands) had amassed by 1861?
82,000
How many Italian and Austrian troops were fought in the 1866 conflicts (Austro-Prussian war)?
Italy: 250,000
Austria: 130,000
Where did Austria crush Italy in 1866, despite having half the troops?
Custoza and Lissa
How many casualties and losses did each side have at Custoza in June 1866?
Italy: 8,000
Austria: 5,600
How many casualties and losses did each side have at Lissa in July 1866?
Italy: 660
Austria: 200
What grant was the pope given after the forceful annexation of Rome in September 1870?
£129,000 per year
At what meeting had France agreed to Italy’s annexation of Rome in 1864?
September Convention
Why did French troops return to Rome and re-assert control in 1867?
Garibaldi’s attack with 4,000 men
Why did French troops finally leave Rome in 1870?
To fight in the Franco-Prussian war
What percentage of the population were subsistence peasants in 1848?
90%
What happened in 1846 and 1847 that helped spark revolution in 1848?
Europe-wide crop shortages
How was education in Italy funded after 1861?
2382 monasteries were closed, led to discontent among Catholics
What percentage of government expenditure was in debt repayments by 1866?
60%
Which law guaranteed three years of primary education for all children?
Casati Law 1859
