Issues and Debates Flashcards
What is free will
Humans can make choices and are not determined by external or biological forces
What is determinism
The view that an individuals behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external forces rather than and individuals will to do something
What is hard determinism
Implies that free will is not possible- always controlled by external or internal forces
What is soft determinism
All events have caused but behaviour can also be determined by our conscious choices
What is biological determinism
Behaviour is caused by biological influences that we cannot control
What is psychic determinism
Behaviour is caused by unconscious conflicts that we cannot control
What is environmental determinism
The idea that behaviour is caused by features of the environment (reward and punishment) that we cannot control
What is reductionism
Analysing behaviour by breaking it down into its constituent parents- should be explained using the most basic principles
What is holism
Human behaviour can only be done through a analysing the person of the behaviour as a whole rather than its constituent parts
What is biological reductionism
Attempts to explain behaviour at the lowest biological level
What is environmental reductionism
Attempts to explain all behaviour in terms of stimulus- response links that have been learnt through experience
What is idiographic
The focus on the individual and emphasise the unique personal experience of human nature
What is nomothetic
Establishing general laws based on the study of larger groups of people
What is gender bias
Does not justifiable represent the experience and behaviour of men or women
What is androcentrism
Normal behaviour is judged according to a male standard
