ISSUES Flashcards
Name 3 Ecological concerns associated with product design.
Deforestation - loss of wildlife and oxygen
Transportation - pollution
Use of finite resources
what does Sustainability refer to ?
Sustainable products reduce demand of non renewable raw materials and produce less waste and reduce pollution.
Sustainability - Life cycle Assessment.
Explain the LCA
Raw material extraction material processing Part manufacturing Assembly product use End of life
When a company analyses its environment impact at each stage of the products life.
What is Carbon footprint?
The amount of CO2 emissions that is directly or indirectly related to companies. Extraction power consumption recycling Trave
How can we reduce the Carbon Footprint?
Energy: using more efficient products, lower energy.
Water: Reducing water and turning of taps
Travel: using low carbon vehicles minimising journeys.
Recycling
Offsetting: tree planting programme.
Name the The 6 Rs.
Reduce Reuse Recycle Repair Rethink Refuse
Reuse?
Reusing same product again for the same purpose by refiling it
Reusing different parts of the product for a different purpose.
Repair?
Ensure the product can be repaired to extend its life and reduce the need for a replacement.
Rethink?
Examining strategies where there is a more environmentally friendly solution.
E.g minimising the processes and use of resources
Refuse?
Questioning the need for products and materials
Do not -
buy a product you do not need
use materials the are bad for the environment.
unnecessary packaging around product.
what is Enterprise ?
When a firm or individual take initiative or risk.
What is Crowdfunding ?
A good way to start-up financial assistance for enterprise. sources: Donation Debt Equity
Explain Fairtrade.
The fair trade foundation protects the rights of farmers in developing countries
It guarantees that they receive fair prices for commodities such as coffee.
Customers are often willing to pay more for products that have met the minimum social environmental and social requirements.
what are Co-operatives?
Positives and negatives?
An enterprise that is jointly owned and democratically controlled by its members.
POSITIVES:
Increase purchasing power
easy to form with limited liability
NEGATIVES:
Often have limited resources and funding.
Can be hard to manage efficiently.
Safe working conditions
Identify Ways in which companies look after welfare and health of employees.
Health and safety work Act 1974 - monitored and enforced by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE)
Workers pay is protected by the minimum wage
Impact on others - Companies responsibility.
Products must be designed so that they do not offend , E.g offensive logos.
Companies could donate to local or national charities or help at local volunteer events
How is Atmospheric pollution caused?
Is due to substances such as CO2 emissions being released by factories which all contribute to global warming.
How is Oceanic Pollution caused?
Due to harmful substances such as household waste or plastics released into the ocean 80% of the pollution is from outside the water.
