Issue And Debates Flashcards

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1
Q

Gende bias

A

Is a preference towards one gender

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2
Q

The two different types of gender bias

A

Alpha bias
Beta bias

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3
Q

Alpha bias

A

This is when differences between males and females are exaggerated

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4
Q

Beta bias

A

Beta bias is where differences between females and males are ignored or minimised

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5
Q

Androcnetrism

A

Where male is the norm

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6
Q

Estrocentrism

A

Where female are seen as the norm

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7
Q

Theories that show gender bias

A

Frauds studies
Aschs study
Bens study

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8
Q

Free will

A

People are able to choose how to behave

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9
Q

Deternism

A

All of the physical events occur in cause and effect relationships

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10
Q

Physiological approaches about bhevaiour

A

Psychodynamic - Freud said that behaviour is determined by unconscious forces
Biological - bhevaiour is caused by biological factors
Cognitive - behaviour is caused by free will and determinism
Bhevaiourist- behaviour is caused by your enviorment and by punishment and reinforcement
Humanistic - behaviour is free will

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11
Q

Reductionism

A

Is the scientific view that it should be possible to explain complex situations by reducing them to their most simple structures or process

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12
Q

Holism

A

Is the opposite of reductionism and say it more complex than a proces and is caused by a product if different influences

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13
Q

Nature (genotype )

A

Innate characteristics determined by physiological and genetic factors

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14
Q

Nurture

A

The influence of the enviorment and learning experiences

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15
Q

Different types of enviorment (nurture)

A

The mother physical state during pregnancy
Socail condition
Cultural and historical context

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16
Q

Diathesis stress model

A

Psychopathy is caused by a biological/genetic vulnerability which is only expressed when a couples with a biological or environmental trigger

17
Q

Epigenetics

A

Change in genetic activity without changing our genetic code

18
Q

Nature and nurture interaction

A

Behaviour is often a result of the interaction of nature and nurture
People’s characteristics can cause particular responses in people like temperament, sex and aggression

19
Q

Nature and nurture studies

A

Rutter and rutter (1993) aggression hostility -hoe aggressive children think and behave and ways that lead to other children to respond to them in a hostile manner
Maguire et al (2000) taxi driver study -non taxi drivers and taxi drivers where examined with a mri scan

20
Q

Problems with nature and nurture

A

It is reductionist
It is deterministic
It is difficult to control variables

21
Q

Nomothetic approach

A

Applies general laws and theories to explain behaviour across a whole population

22
Q

The ideographic approach

A

Focus on the individual and what makes each person different

23
Q

Strengths and weaknesses of the nomothetic approach

A

The reasearch marathons used means it’s controlled objective and scinterfic this means it can be recreated however it lacks ecological validation

In just creating general laws individuals differences are ignored

24
Q

Strengths and weaknesses of the ideographic approach

A

It gives a more complaicted explanation of behaviour

Fewer people are studied so it is harder to generalise

Detailed studies allow for extra information in creating nomothetic laws