Issue 1 Essay : Reasons for Growth in Tensions in Ireland Flashcards
Historical COntext 1
Endured Fractious Relationship
great famine 1840s
emigrate and dying
Historical context 2
Home rule bills of 1890s also caused tensions
What are the factors
Irish cultural revival
Re-emergence of republicanism
Religious and Economic Differences
Role of John Redmond and Nationalist Party
Response of Unionists and Nationalists to the Home Rule Bill
Irish Cultural Revival Knowledge
W.B Yates
-culture disappearing
-reestablish a strong Irish culture
-gaelic league and writing societies
1884 the Gaelic Athletic Association
-preservation and cultivation for national pastimes
-Gaelic Football and Hurling.
Irish Cultural Revival Analysis
Sense of Irishness
-challenge to British Culture and Rule
Irish Cultural Revival Analysis +
not lead to a desire to remove
-enjoy a combination of both cultures
Re-emergence of Republicanism knowledge
Sinn Fein Aurthur Griffith 1904
-batb, set up own parliament
-lead to collapse
he Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB)
(thomas Clarke)
-recruit young men to support leave
Re-emergence of Republicanism Analysis
Political party and group openly anti-British
-alarmed Britain and Ulster as it threatened Union
Re-emergence of Republicanism Analysis +
very little support
-restricted to underground element
-many wanted to maintain relationship
Economic and Religious differences knowledge
Ulster was mainly protestant (56%)
southern provinces were predominantly catholic (90%).
Ulster was the most industrialised
-benefitted from empire
South was more agricultural
-didn’t depend on empire as much
Economic and Religious differences Analysis
Home rule= parliament in Dublin
-put trade barriers on ulster and Britain, lose economic power
-worried Catholicism would dominate northern life
Economic and Religious differences Analysis +
Always existed
-1910 general election reignited divide
-home rule put on P.A
-inevitability of Home Rule = tensions
Economic and Religious differences Evaluation
Home Rule is Rome Rule
-fear
-too much power handed to catholic population at expense of protestants
-only as a result of 1910 did fear become imminent threat
Role of John Redmond Knowledge
1908, Asquith (Pro HR) replaced Campbell-Bannerman as Prime Minister.
-1910 liberals and IPP made coalition if HR was passed
IPP consistently strong
-reflected spport for HR
Role of John Redmond Analysis
Allowed HR on political agenda
-gave IPP real power and influence in British politics
-angered unionists
Role of John Redmond Analysis +
catalyst for violent tactics in Irish politics
-Creation of UVF and IVF
-election forced many to act on tensions
Role of John Redmond Evaluation
Historian O’Day argues that in Ireland, in particular Catholic areas in southern Ireland had “more political representation than her population justified”
-significant strength in the House of commons.
-Unionists in the North voiceless in parliament
-forced Unionists to use violence
Unionists and Nationalist Reaction Knowledge
Unionists were enraged by the Home Rule Bill
-E. Carson rallied 250,000 to sign opposition
-Ulster Solemn League and Covenant in Belfast
1912 third hR crisis Ulster Covenant Council established UVF
-IVF established in response
Unionists and Nationalist Reaction Analysis
Openly willing to use violence to achieve respective goals
-UVF any means necessary
Unionists and Nationalist Reaction Analysis +
both sides of the political divide were becoming retaliatory in their actions
-result of 1910
-ulster powerless
