Israel, Phoenicia and Persia quiz Flashcards
1
Q
After the Israelites took over Canaan after the Exodus (which is sooo cool) what was the name of the only area where Canaanite culture and political tradition survived?
A
Lebanon; a narrow strip of land besides the sea
2
Q
What are the people living in Lebanon called today?
A
The Phoenicians
3
Q
What were the Phoenicians originally called by their contemporaries?
A
The Sidonians
4
Q
What resulted from the Phoenicians being forced to live so close to the sea and losing access to the land?
A
They became increasingly seawards, and ended up becoming the greatest sailors and traders of any age
5
Q
Why are the Phoenicians my favorite Mesopotamian civilization?
A
cause there basically pirates and they faught krackens which are real
6
Q
Why is documenting history about the Phoenicians hard?
A
Very few ancient documents from them have survived
7
Q
What do historians have to do to document the history of the Phoenicians?
A
They have to use historical accounts from other civilizations that have survived
8
Q
Where do historians go to to find Phoenician history?
A
The Old Testament, and Assyrian royal records
9
Q
What are the four main city-states of Phoenicia?
A
Trye, Sidon, Byblos and Arvad
10
Q
What was Phoenicia comprised of?
A
Several smaller independent city-states, who spoke the same language, worshipped the same gods, but never came together to form a country.
11
Q
Why didn’t the Phoenician City states come together to form a country?
A
They were jealous of each other’s success and overly independent.
12
Q
What part did each city-states king/queen play in religion?
A
The king and queen acted as a priest and priestess.
13
Q
Who did the Phoenician kings have to help them make decisions?
A
A council of elders
14
Q
In Tyre, what would the council of elders do on the King’s behalf when he was absent?
A
Make decisions on his behalf
15
Q
In Sidon, what could the council of elders do if they thought fit?
A
Act against the king, if they thought fit
16
Q
How many elders would be in the council of elders in Sidon?
A
Hundreds
17
Q
What two Phoenician kings aided King David in his struggles against the Philistines?
A
Abibaal and, later, his son Hiram, both kings of Tyre
18
Q
Other than King David, which Israelite king did Hiram, king of Tyre, have an alliance with?
A
King Solomon
19
Q
Who did the bad king of Israel, Ahab, marry, and who is she the daughter of?
A
Jezebel, daughter of the king of Sidon
20
Q
What Assyrian King created the worlds first standing army?
A
Tiglath Pileser III
21
Q
What Assyrian King ruled over the Phoenicians
A
Tiglath Pileser III
22
Q
What did the Phoenicians enjoy once tight Assyrian control ended?
A
A time of great prsperity at least until they were put under control again
23
Q
Why didn’t Phoenicia rebel under the rule of Cyrus, king of Persia? (4 benefits and 1 reason why)
A
- Got to keep their own rulers
- Got to keep their own way of life
- Were well treated
- Free to expand their trade
– all as long as they regularly paid their taxes
24
Q
What curse was Tyre put under, sometime during the fall of the Assyrian rule of Phoenicia, and by which prophet?
A
The prophet Ezekiel prophesized that Tyre would have a great time of prosperity for a while, but then lose everything for being too proud
25
What was the Battle of Issus?
It was a battle between the Greeks under Alexander the Great and Persia
26
After the Battle of Issus, who gained control of Phoenicia?
The Greeks
27
From where did the religious beliefs and practices of the Phoenicians descend from?
The Canaanites
28
What gods were at the head of the Phoenician pantheon?
The 3 baals; **Baal-shamem**, **Baal-malage**, and **Baal-saphon**
29
What was Baal-shamen god of?
god of Heaven
30
What was Baal-malage god of?
god of fishing
31
What was Baal-saphon god of?
god of storm
32
Where would the Phoenicians worship?
**''High places,'** open-air sanctuaries with alters and symbolic pillars
33
How would the Phoenicians worship the god Moloch?
Through child sacrifice
34
What kind of children were normally sacrificed to Moloch?
Sickly children, or children bought specifically for the purpose
35
Instead of sick children, in desperate times, what kind of children would be sacrificed to Moloch instead?
Noble's children
36
How were children sacrificed to Moloch in Phoenicia?
They were placed in the hands of a bronze statue of him, and then be rolled into his mouth full of flames.
37
How did the Phoenicians usually bury their dead?
In cut tombs in rock or cremination
38
What were nobles and royalty buried in in Phoenicia?
Fine stone and sarcophagi
39
What were burials in Phoenicia equipped with?
Vessels for food and drink, personal ornaments and cosmetic articles
40
What were the Phoenicians masters of?
They were **masters of the sea** the **masters of sailing and navigating**, and shipbuilding
41
What are the two most famous voyages associated with the Phoenicians?
Himilco and Hanno
42
Where did the Phoenician voyage of Himilco sail to, and why?
it sailed **to Brittany and Cornwall, for the tin mined there**
43
Where did the Phoenician voyage of Hanno sail to?
To at least **Sierra Leone and possibly well into the Gulf of Guinea**
44
How many letters are in the Phoenician alphabet?
22
45
Why did the Phoenicians create their form of writing?
Their travelling merchants needed a simplified kind of writing to keep business records.
46
Why couldn't the Phoenician travelling merchants use cuneiform?
They needed a quick way of writing records down; cuneiform was too time-consuming
47
How many symbols did cuneiform have?
600
48
Which way were sentences read with the Phoenician alphabet?
Right to left
49
What was only written with the Phonetic Alphabet, and so the reader had to supply?
Only consonants were written, so the reader had to supply the vowels.
50
What did the Phoenicians completely replace *pictographs* with in their alphabet?
linear letters
51
Where did we get the world "Alphabet" from?
The first two letters of the Phoenician alphabet, *alpha* and *beth*
52
Where does most of our informatio on early Israel come from?
**The Old Testiment,** the first part of the Bible
53
What is a patriarch?
The leader of a nomadic tribe
54
Who is the most famous Patriarch?
Abraham
55
What was the mass migration of the Israelites known as?
The Exodus
56
What is a covenant?
A solemn agreement/promise between 2 people
57
Who is Yahweh?
**God.** God of the Israelites, God of the Gentiles. God of all the world and all creation. God.
58
What did God give Moses?
The 10 commandments
59
What was Nebuchadnezzar II's aim with his expansion of his territory?
To have no opposition from "horizon to sky."
60
Who is Nebuchadnezzar II?
**The king of Babylon** who put the Jews in captivity
61
What did Nebuchadnezzar II pursue?
A military policy of expansion
62
Other than his military exploits, what else is Nebuchadnezzar II known for?
Building the Hanging Gardens of Babylon
63
For what reason is it believe King Nebuchadnezzar built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon?
**For his homesick wife,** so the Hanging Gardens were to resemble that land
64
What were the Jews the first of? (religion wise)
Monotheists
65
When was the original Jewish Diaspora?
**586 B.C**, when Babylon conquered them, but this only lasted a few centuries
66
What was the Jewish dispora?
the dispersion of Jewish people throughout Europe and the rest of the world
67
When did the Jewish Diaspora start?
**70 A.D**, with the destruction of the temple
68
How many books in the Old Testament?
39
69
What is the whole Old Testament saying?
That there will be a coming saviour
70
What is the main topic of scripture? (Memorize it’s a memory verse) ⭐️
“The main topic of Scripture is God receiving glory by restoring fellowship between Himself and the human race through His Son, Jesus Christ.”
71
What are the 3 categories the Old Testament is categorized into?
1. The Law of Moses
2. The Prophets
3. The Historical Books
72
How many books are in the Law of Moses?
**5 books,** Genesis to Deuteronomy
73
How many prophetic books are there in the Old Testament?
**17 books,** from Isaiah to Malachi
74
How many major prophets are there in the Old Testament?
**5** major prophets
75
How many minor prophets are there in the Old Testament?
**12** minor prophets
76
How many Historical Books are in the Old Testament?
**17** books
77
What are the 3 types of laws in the Old Testament?
1. Ceremonial laws
2. Civil laws
3. Moral laws
78
Why **don’t** we have to follow the *ceremonial* laws in the Old Testament anymore?
**Jesus fulfilled these laws by dying on the cross**
“Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.” Matthew 5:17
79
Why **don’t** we have to follow the *civil* laws in the Old Testament anymore?
These laws are for the governing of the country of Israel
80
Why **do** we still have to follow the *moral* laws in the Old Testament?
**Because Gods morals do not change, He is the same God as before, as now**
(A cool thing to remember is that God isn’t a rule book, He’s a person. And that’s nice to know when thinking about moral dilemmas. Ex. Divorce isn’t good, but He isn’t gonna force you to live with someone who’s beating you Y’know, He is understanding, a person, not a rulebook. Don’t forget though, if you can’t *justify* it to *Him*, you are guilty.)
81
What are the 3 views on the inspiration of the Bible?
1. God told the wrights *exactly* what to write, word for word.
2. Gold told the writers what to write, but they did it *in their own words.*
3. It was just a bunch of really religious people who wrote the Bible (Not inspired).
82
When does the Old Testament story start?
**The beginning** of time. The creation of the universe
83
When does the Old Testament story end?
400 years before the coming of Jesus Christ
84
What are the 8 **Eras** of the history of the Old Testament?
1,2. Nothing/Something
3,4. Exiting/Entering
5,6. United/Divided
7,8. Scattered/Gathered
85
What 4 things does the *Nothing Era* of the Old Testament describe?
1. How the human race was created by God
2. Why the human race needs to be brought back to God
3. Everything God created was perfect
4. A theme of restoration
86
What are the *4* main events in the *Nothing Era* of the Old Testament?
1. Creation
2. The Fall
3. The Flood
4. The Tower of Babel/Fallout
87
Who is the Main Character(s) of *Creation* of the four main events of the *Nothing Era* of the Old Testament?
God (Elohim)
88
Who is the Main Character(s) of *The Fall* of the four main events of the *Nothing Era* of the Old Testament?
Adam and Eve
89
Who is the Main Character(s) of *The Flood* of the four main events of the *Nothing Era* of the Old Testament?
Noah (the best character btw)
90
Who is the Main Character(s) of *Creation* of the four main events of the *Nothing Era* of the Old Testament?
God (Elohim)
91
What is Satan's 4 step strategy?
**1. Doubt** ("Did God really say. . .")
**2. Deceive**
**3. Divide**
**4. Destroy**
92
What is the result if you have faith Genesis 1:1 is true? ("In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth")
If you believe in Gen 1:1, that God created the universe, and it is not above Him, then everything after that is really, really simple. Now **every other miraculous event is possible.** If God created the universe, why should the laws of the universe hold Him back?
93
Where does The Fall take place?
The **Garden of Eden**
94
Where was the resting place of the ark?
The **mountains of Ararat**
95
Where was the Tower of Babel built?
A **plain in the land of Shinar**
96
What are the 4 different views on creation?
**1. Young Earth Creationism** (less epic)
**2. Old Earth Creationism** (epic)
**3. Evolution** (atheistic) (ew)
**4. Theistic evolution** (epic)
97
When does the *Nothing Era* of the Old Testament end?
With the death of Abrahams's father, Terah
98
Who are the most important characters of the *Nothing Era* of the Old Testiment?
Adam and Eve
99
Adam and Eve were created holy, but what was the problem with this holiness?
They were created holy, but **it was an untested holiness**
100
What was the test given to Adam and Eve so they could be given the chance (a gift to them) to prove themselves deserving of their holiness?
A single prohibition, not to eat from the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil
101
What does it mean to be holy?
**To be set aside for a specific purpose;** made different
102
What is the purpose of God's commands?
To keep us from exercising liberty in bad directions
103
What are the 2 ways Satan tempts?
1. Directly
2. Telling us 1/2 truths
104
How does Satan tempt us directly?
**He makes us question something God has *clearly* commanded** (and to note, commanded for our benefit)
105
From what 2 things does Satan have help from?
1. Evil spirits
2. A world system
106
How does Satan tempt us through 1/2 truths?
He twists God's Word, minimizes the consequences, and/or maximizes the perceived benefits
107
What 3 things does the *Nothing* Era of the Old Testament explain?
1. God's purpose for man
2. God's problem with man
3. God's solution for man
108
What is God's purpose for man?
For them to have fellowship with Himself for eternity
109
What is God's problem with man?
The fellowship between God and man was broken because of man's disobedience
110
What was God's solution for man?
For a savior to come to destroy the work of the devil
111
What does the *Second Era, the Something Era* of the Old Testament describe?
God choosing the Hebrew race and turning it into something
112
In what 2 ways did God turn the Hebrew race into *something*?
1. Significance
2. Size
113
Who are the 4 Patriarchs in the *Something Era*?
1. Abraham
2. Isaac
3. Jacob
4. Joseph
114
Where does the *Something Era* take place?
the Middle East
115
When does the *Something Era* begin?
With the death of Abraham's father, Terah
116
When does the *Somethign Era* end?
With the **exodus of the Hebrew people from Egypt**
117
Who is the most famous character in the *Something* Era?
Abraham
118
What 3 religions is Abraham the father of?
1. Judaism
2. Christianity
3. Islam
119
What does Jehovah/Jireh mean?
Provider
120
Where did God get the name Jehovah/Jireh?
**The Story of Abraham sacrificing his son, Isaac**, but instead of having to sacrifice his son, God *provided* *His* son thousands of years later! (On the very same mountain)
121
What 3 things does the *Something Era* of the Old Testament explain?
1. God's Promise for His people
2. God's Plan for His people
3. God's Purpose for His people
122
What was God's promise for His people?
That He will bless them
123
What was God's plan for His people?
That they will be a blessing
124
What was God's purpose for His people?
That in them, all the families of the earth would be blessed
125
What is the Third Era *Exiting Era,* about?
God delivering the Hebrews from Egypt and preparing them to enter the land of Canaan
126
How long did the journey of the Israelites exiting Egypt to entering the Promised Land take?
40 years
127
What are the 4 books in the *Exiting Era*?
1. Exodus
2. Leviticus
3. Numbers
4. Deuteronomy
128
What is the book of Exodus about in the *Exiting Era* of the Old Testament?
The departure of the Hebrews by blood and by power and their covenant with God at Sinai
129
What is a "Type"?
A 'picture' of Christ dying on the cross for us
130
What is you faith only as valid as?
Your faith is only as valid as **the object your putting your faith in**
131
What is the main Type in Exodus?
**The Passover**; an innocent lamb having to die to save many
132
What were each of the Ten Plagues a direct attack on?
Each were a direct attack on a prominent god of Egypt
133
What is the book of Leviticus about in the *Exiting Era* of the Old Testament?
The duties of the Levitical priests in leading worship in the tabernacle and through kinds of offerings and festivals
134
What is the book of Numbers about in the *Exiting Era* of the Old Testament?
The first census at Sinai, the rebellion at Kadesh (them lying cause they were scared to go to the promised land), 39 years of wilderness wandering and the second census at Moab
135
What were the census in Numbers counting?
number of men of fighting age
136
What were the estimate total number of people in the book of Numbers?
2 million
137
What does rebellion always start with?
Murmuring and complaining
138
We can choose to sin, but can't choose what?
**The consequences** (sin is just the act of choosing to follow your heart instead of God's heart, what God wants for you is the best for you, cause He loves you like a parent. Everything God says is for your own good, and if you don't do what's good for you, sadly there's going to be consequences)
139
What does Deuteronomy include in the *Exiting Era* of the Old Testament?
The second giving the the Ten commandments and many other instructions to the new generation
140
Where did the *Exiting Era* of the Old Testament start at and then move to? (4 places)
1. Starts at Egypt
2. Moves to Sinai
3. Goes to Kadesh
4. Ends at the plain by the Jordan River
141
With what, does the *Exiting Era* of the Old Testament start?
With the Exodus
142
Who is the most famous character of the *Exiting Era* of the Old Testament?
Moses
143
For what 5 reasons is Moses the most famous character of the *Exiting Era* of the Old Testament?
**1. His leadership**
**2. The miracles he did**
**3. His interaction with God** (speaking face to face, as one would speak to a friend)
**4. His character qualities** - meek and compassionate
**5. God's evaluation of him**
144
What 3 periods of time can Moses's life be split into?
Three 40 year periods
145
What did Moses supposedly learn in his first 40 years of life?
**How to lead a nation.** As he was supposedly being raised to become pharaoh of Egypt
146
What did Moses learn in his second 40 years of life?
**How to live in the wilderness.** As he was a shepherd in the wilderness for 40 years under his father in law
147
What did Moses do in his last 40 years of life?
**He led a nation, the Israelites, in the wilderness.** He got to put his knowledge from the first 40 years of his life and second 40 years of his life together
148
What is the ancient Egyptian document listing domesticated servants they had called?
The **Papyrus Brooklyn**
149
Why is the Papyrus Brooklyn significant?
**It included Hebrew names,** showing Hebrews were in Egypt
150
What is the significant foreign slaves tomb in Egypt we found with scenes on it’s wall called?
**Tomb of Reckmire**
151
Why is the Tomb of Reckmire significant?
**The mural depicts Hebrews slaves with mud bricks,** showing that Hebrews were in Egypt, and that they were also making mud bricks as the Bible says they were
152
What is the scroll from Egypt we found talking about some slaves who were complaining they didn’t have straw to make bricks anymore and had to collect the straw themselves called?
The Louvre Leather Roll
153
Why is the Louvre Leather Roll significant?
**It is confirming what the Bible is saying,** that the Israelites weren't supplied with straw anymore and were forced to collect it themselves to build bricks
154
Ancient Egyptian poem we found about 10 plagues happening and then servants getting decorated with jewelry called?
The **Ipuwer Papyrus**
155
Why is the Ipuwer Papyrus significant?
**It aligns with what the Bible is saying, that there were 10 plagues in Egypt, and before leaving, the Hebrews went around all Egypt being gifted Jewelry by the Egyptians** (cause it was a thing back in those days to do that to newly freed slaves)
156
Why didn't the Egyptians write anything/much at all down about the Exodus?
**The Egyptians were very *very* careful about what they wrote down cause they really wanted to make sure the Pharoah was cast in a good light for all of eternity, so they wouldn't have written anything down.** Just as they didn't for any other losses. (Also don't forget, the Hebrews were just one of the many many enslaved groups of people in Egypt at that time, from the Hebrews perspective in the Bible, this was the biggest thing that could every happen, from the Egyptians perspective, it was still pretty big and cool [though magic was common to them], but it was ALOT smaller than from the eyes of the Egyptians)
157
What's a good reason we should trust the Hebrew account that the Exodus happened?
**They had no reason to lie about it.** Who would wanna lie about being a slave
158
What 3 books does the *Entering Era* of the Old Testament include?
1. Joshua
2. Judges
3. Ruth
159
What does God command, through Moses, to do to the Caananites?
To completely destroy them.
160
What did God give the Canaanites time to do before He completely destroyed them?
He gave them much time **to repent**
161
What do we know the Canaanites got to hear about, that would have given them the chance to repent?
The 10 plagues by the Sovereign God, each attacking each of the Egyptian gods, showing, and proving to the world, He is the One True God, and all idols don't compare to Him.
162
How do we know the Canaanites had heard about the 10 Plagues and the Lord of all Creation, and could have repented?
Cause we had an example of it happening, **we know Rahab the Prostitute, a Canaanite, heard, and she repented,** and so she wasn't destroyed alongside the others who had done the same throughout history (mentioned, and not mentioned in the Bible)
163
What does the book of Joshua outline?
The 3 military campaigns, for Israel to get control of the land physically
164
what does the book of Judges focus on?
The Canaanites conquering the Hebrews spiritually
165
What are the 4 steps in the four-step cycle of Judges?
1. Sin
2. Suffering
3. Supplication
4. Salvation
166
What happens in the Sin step in the cycle of Judges?
The people do evil in the eye's of God
167
What happens in the suffering step in the cycle of Judges?
an evil ruler takes them captive
168
What happens in the Supplication step in the cycle of Judges?
The people of God cry out to Him
169
What happens in the Salvation step in the cycle of Judges?
God sends a judge to restore them to a right relationship with Him
170
What 2 locations does the *Entering Era* of the Old Testament start and end at?
1. Starts on the plains of Moab, before the Jordan river
2. After that everting else occurs in Canaan
171
With what does the *Entering Era* of the Old Testament start with?
With the death of Moses
172
With what does the *Entering Era* of the Old Testament end with?
With the appointment of the first king
173
Who is the most famous Character of the *Entering Era* of the Old Testament?
Joshua
174
Why is Joshua the most famous character of the *Entering Era* of the Old Testament?
His leadership and obedience
175
What is a type for Christ saving people through his blood in the story of Rahab the prostitute?
Christ as the **scarlet thread,** just as Rehab repented and put her faith in a scarlet thread that would then spare her from judgement, so are we to repent and put out faith in Jesus, and we will be spared from holy judgement
176
What is a type for Christ redeeming his people in the story of Ruth the Moabite widow?
**Christ as the kinsman redeemer,** (idk why really)
177
How many Old Testament books does the *United Era* of the Old Testament include?
9
178
How many tribes of Israel are there?
12
179
In the *United Era* of the Old Testament what would the success and prosperity of the kingdom depend on?
The *heart* of the king
180
What are the 3 kings of the *United Era* of the Old Testament?
1. King Saul
2. King David
3. King Solomon
181
Which city did King David make the capital of Israel?
Jerusalem
182
What did David put in Jerusalem after making it the capital city?
The Ark of the Covenant
183
Why did Saul fail as a king?
His *heart* was devoted to *himself*
184
Why did David have success as king?
His *heart* was devoted to *God*
185
Why did Solomon fail as King?
His *heart* was *divided* between *God* and *himself*
186
In what 2 things did Israel reach the zenith(best) in under the rule of King Solomon?
In **size and power**
187
What did Solomon ask God for at the beginning of his reign as king?
He asked for **wisdom** on how to lead his people
188
What 3 commands did King Solomon violate?
**1. Don’t acquire too many horses** (it was a symbol of power so arrogance)
**2. Don’t take too many wives** (I think 1 is probably enough)
**3. Don’t accumulate too much gold** (don’t put your faith in money to provide)
189
Where did the *United Era* of the Old Testament take place?
**Israel,** previously known as Canaan
190
How many years did all 3 kings of the *United Era* of the Old Testament reign for?
**40 years** according to the Bible
191
Who is the dominating character of the *United Era* of the Old Testament?
David
192
Why is David the dominating character of the *United Era* of the Old Testament? (3 things)
His leadership, music and poetry
193
What does the *United Era* of the Old Testament reveal about Christ?
How he would die - by crucifixion
194
What does the *Divided Era* of the Old Testament describe?
How God judged Solomon’s disobedience by dividing the nation into 2 kingdoms after his death
195
How many books does the *Divided Era* of the Old Testament include?
15
196
What 3 kingdoms are described in the *Divided Era* of the Old Testament?
1. Israel
2. Judah
3. Assyria
197
How many kings are in the *Divided Era* of the Old Testament?
**39** (out of 40 [don’t ask why it’s out of 40])
198
How many tribes were in the northern kingdom of Israel
10
199
How many tribes were in the southern kingdom of Israel (Judah)?
**2**, Judah and Benjamin
200
What was the capital of the southern kingdom of Israel (Judah)?
Jerusalem
201
What was the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel (Israel)?
Samaria
202
Who was the first king of the Northern Kingdom of Israel (Israel divided)?
Jeroboam
203
Who was the first king of the Southern Kingdom of Israel (Judah)?
Rehoboam
204
How many good kings did the Northern Kingdom of Israel have (Israel divided)?
**None :(** out of 19
205
How many good kings did the Southern Kingdom of Israel (Judah) have?
**8** out of 20
206
With what does the *Divided Era* of the Old Testament start?
With **the death of Solomon**
207
With what does the *Divided Era* of the Old Testament end?
The destruction of Jerusalem and the temple
208
When was the capital city of Jerusalem first destroy? ⭐️
**586 B.C**
209
When was the Northern Kingdom of Israel (Israel divided) conquered by Assyria? ⭐️
**722 B.C**
210
After being conquered by Assyria, what were the Northern Tribes become known as?
The Lost Tribes of Israel?
211
Who is the most famous King in the *Divided Era* of the Old Testament?
Good King Hezekiah
212
Why is King Hezekiah the most famous king of the *Divided Era* of the Old Testament?
His great faith and trust in God
213
What happened while Hezekiah was king of Judah?
**Assyria conquered the Northern Kingdoms** (722 B.C)
214
How did Good King Hezekiah demonstrate his trust in God?
**His prayer** in the book of kings
215
What does the Prophet Isaiah present the most complete picture of?
He presents the most complete picture of Christ in the Old Testament. Why He would have to die
216
What does the *Scattered Era* of the Old Testament describe?
How God sent Judah into exile in Babylon because of their continued disobedience
217
Who was Good King Hezekiah’s son?
Manasseh
218
Who was the worst king Judah ever had?
Manasseh
219
Who are the 2 major prophets in the *Scattered Era* of the Old Testament?
Ezekiel and Daniel
220
How many departures from Judah to Babylon were there?
3
221
When was the last departure from Judah to Babylon?
**586 B.C,** when the Temple was destroyed
222
Which major prophet was taken to Babylon in the first departure from Judah?
Daniel
223
Which major prophet was taken to Babylon in the second departure from Judah to Babylon?
Ezekiel
224
Which major prophet was taken to Babylon in the second departure from Judah to Babylon?
Ezekiel
225
Who(s) were taken to Babylon in the last departure from Judah to Babylon?
Anyone of importance
226
What did the Jews think that made them believe Judah would never be destroyed?
**Since they had the Temple with them, and God lived in the temple, God wouldn't ever allow Judah to be destroyed** (though He did say time and time again He would)
227
What 2 places did *Scattered Era* of the Old Testament take place?
Judah and Babylon
228
With what does *Scattered Era* of the Old Testament begin with?
The first deportation of Jews into Babylon
229
Who is the most famous person in *Scattered Era* of the Old Testament?
Daniel
230
Why is Daniel the most important person in the *Scattered Era* of the Old Testament?
Because, **he became a powerful government official and prophet**
231
What does *Scattered Era* of the Old Testament end with?
The Jews finally being able to go back to their homeland
232
What does Daniel prophesy concerning Christ?
**The timing of his death,** in 69 weeks/483 years after (69 x 7 days = 483)
233
What happens in the *Gathered Era* of the Old Testament?
God gathers His people back to Israel, and the rebuilding of the temple and the city walls
234
What 2 books record the *Gathered Era* of the Old Testament?
Ezra and Nehemiah
235
What does the *Gathered Era* of the Old Testament describe?
The 3 returns to Judah
236
Why do people go back to Judah for the first return from exile?
To reconstruct the temple
237
Why do people go back to Judah for the second return from exile?
**To renew the people** (the people needed to repent literally, cause they all did bad things like have wife’s that worshipped other gods)
238
Why do people go back to Judah for the third and last return from exile?
To rebuild the city walls
239
Who, important, goes back to Israel on the *second* return to Israel from exile?
The prophet Ezra
240
Who, important, goes back to Israel on the *third* and last return to Israel from exile?
Nehemiah
241
Under what Persian king was the first return to Israel under?
King Cyrus
242
Under what Persian king was the second and third return to Israel under?
King Artaxerxes
243
Why didn't most of the Jewish exiles return to Israel?
They were comfortable with where they were; it would have been a great personal cost to go back
244
Where were the *first two* returns to Israel from exile from?
Babylon
245
Where was the *third and last* return to Israel from exile from?
Susa
246
How many days did it take Nehemiah to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem?
52 days
247
What happened after the Jews rebuild the temple after the exile?
**They lost heart** to rebuild the rest of the city
248
What did the people do after completing the new temple in Jerusalem?
**Cry** because it wasn't as anything close to the temple of Solomon
249
After the rebuilding of the temple of Jerusalem, who was the next person to add on to it?
Herod the Great
250
When was the temple destroyed for the third time?
**70 A.D**, by the Romans
251
What 3 things/problems did the Jews have to renew with themselves in the second return to Israel from exile?
1. Renew the right worship
2. Putting the temple worship in order
3. Dealing with the people intermarrying
252
In which 3 nations does the *Gathered Era* of the Old Testament take place in?
Canaan, Babylon and Persia
253
When does the *Gathered Era* of the Old Testament first begin?
With the first return of God's people to Jerusalem
254
When does the *Gathered Era* of the Old Testament end?
With **the coming of Christ!!!** Hallelujah!! The world is saved!! And the Satan defeated!!!
255
How many years before Christ does the Old Testament end?
400 years before the birth of Christ!
256
What 3 things were in place when Christ was born, allowing the most information about Him to be shared as fast and well as it did?
1. A universal language
2. A road system
3. Peace in the land
257
Who is the most famous person of the *Gathered Era* of the Old Testament?
Ezra
258
What 3 commitments did Ezra make involving scripture?
1. He devoted himself to *studying* the Law of the Lord
2. He devoted himself to *obeying* the Law of the Lord
3. He devoted himself to *teaching* the Law of the Lord
259
What 2 institutions emerged in Israel while they were in captivity?
1. The Synagogue
2. Scribes
260
What does the prophet Zechariah add to on about Christ?
That thanks to Him, the Lord will dwell with his people and the barrier between man and God will have been broken. And everyone and anyone can become His people now!
261
The roots of the Persian Empire can be found in what modern country?
Iran
262
What was known as the "richest city under the sun?"
Persepolis
263
What was Persepolis known as?
The "richest city under the sun"
264
From which 2 places do we get our information on Persia from?
The Greeks and the Old Testiment
265
What is the problem with getting infromation on Persia from the Greeks?
The greeks were biased
266
How did the Greeks depict the Persians when they wrote about them?
As **Barbarians**
267
About how long did the Persian Empire last?
250 years
268
What was it about Cyrus, king of Persia, that would help him conquer territory?
**He was charismatic.** He instilled fear into his enemies
269
What four countries formed the borders of Persia?
India, Greece, Rome and Egypt-Ethiopia
270
How many people groups found themselves inside the Persian Empire?
30
271
What title did Cyrus refer to himself as?
""King of the World"
272
What was the purpose of Persepolis?
It was a ceremonial city. Built for everyone to come and bring their tributes to the king
273
What was the name given to the gate of Persepolis?
**"Gate of All Nations"**
274
What was the symbols of royal virility, strength and power, that was on the gates of Persepolis?
Human-headed bulls
275
When bringing a tribute to the king of Persia, what did people have to do first before the king?
**Prostrate themselves** before him (lay down on the ground)
276
What kind of rule does the Persian inscriptions describe Persia having?
A benevolent rule with peace and harmony, where the subjects could even have their own religion
277
How did the Greeks describe how the Persians ruled?
They described the Persians **ruling through an iron fist**
278
How did Persian rule differ from other Empires?
**They were nice to you, so you didn't rebel**, instead of using force. All you had to do in the end was pay your taxes to them
279
From west to east, what was the size of the Persian Empire?
4000km
280
What was needed if Persia wanted to be able to control an empire of its ginormous size?
a road system
281
What is the significance of the Persian city of Pasargadae?
It is where the palace of Cyrus the Great was
282
What was the most stunning feature of Pasargadae?
The Royal Guardens
283
What did the Royal Gardens of Pasargadae in Persia symbolize?
**The Persians ability to create order from chaos.** They made a garden in a dry land!
284
The Persians build great cities but how were they actually characterized?
As Nomads; **Nomadic**
285
What has alwasy been central to Persian culture and why?
**Textiles**, preferably colorful
286
What did textiles allow the Persians to show off?
Their wealth and status
287
What is the color of kingship?
Purple
288
Why is purple the color of kingship?
Purple dye was so hard to get in those days that only the richest of the rich could afford it.
289
What Persian practice had all of the elements of the luxurious lifestyle they valued?
Feasting
290
What was the purpose of feasting to the Persians?
To show off luxury
291
What character trait did the Persians value most?
Truthfulness
292
Why did the Persians like alcohol so much?
**It forced them to say the truth;** which they valued alot
293
How did the Greeks view the Persian practice of feasting?
It horrified them, they though it corrupted your morals
294
Who was determined to end the "corrupting influence" of the Persians? ⭐
Alexander the Great
295
Where was the first battle between the Greeks and the Persians?
Issus
296
During the battle of Issus, between the Greeks and the Persians, who was the king of Persia?
Darius III
297
How did the smaller Greek army beat the bigger Persian army in the Battle of Issus?
They had better tactics
298
How did Alexander the Great describe Persepolis to his soldiers?
the most "hateful city"
299
What did Alexander the Great and his soldiers do the Persepolis?
They burnt it down
300
Why did Persepolis burn down so easliy?
It was build with cedar wood and every wall was cover with textiles (super duper flammable)
301
What name can we give to Alexander the Great for being a silly billy?
"Hooligan"
302
Why is Alexander the Great a "hooligan?"
**He burns down an unprotected city.** Needless destruction, and he gets drunk all the time
303
Why is it a good thing today that Alexander burnt down Persepolis?
It allowed thousands of cuneiform tablets to be persevered till now
304
What is the Irony of the Greek view of Persian civilization?
**They acted the exact same way** (barbaric and drunk)
305
What is the greatest achievement of the Persians?
**Tolerance of culture**
306
What is the problem with Persian history?
**For half a century, virtually nothing is known.**
307
How did King Cyrus show wisdom in overtaking Bablyon?
Instead of going headfirst against Nabonidus, he waited until he was growing unpopular with his own subjects
308
What did King Cyrus show to the Babylonians after defeating them?
**Clemency and tolerance**, by honoring their god Marduk
309
What Persian King would be known for preparing and achieving the conquest of Egypt?
Cambyses
310
Who did King Darius start hostilities with?
Greece
311
What happened to the Persians at the battle at Marathon against the Greeks?
They would loose
312
What did the loss at Marathon convince King Darius of Persia of?
That it would take a massive and carefully prepared operation by land *and* sea to conquer the Greeks
313
What did King Xerxes of Persia do to turn off the Babylonians from trying to become independent?
He removed the statue of their god, Marduk, from them
314
Where did King Xerxes attack the Greeks?
Salamis
315
Why did the Persians have to retreat at Salamis?
Their supply lines were threatened
316
What happened after the death of King Artaxerxes of Persia?
**There was a bloody court struggle for who would be king next**. Satraps revolted and fought
317
Which nation the Persians ruled over successfully revolted after the death of King Artaxerxes of Persia?
Egypt
318
Who was the supreme commander of the Persian army in Turkey?
Tissaphernes
319
On whose side did Tissaphernes intervene on in the Peloponnesian War?
On the **Sparta's side**
320
What Persian King would reassert central control over the empire?
Artaxerxes III
321
What Persian king was it under that Alexander the Great defeated the Persian Empire?
Darius III
322
Where did Persian kings get divine guidance from?
Dreams
323
In Persian civilization, what 4 things could the king and king alone could bring?
1. Victory in war
2. The rule of law
3. Productivity in agriculture and husbandry
4. Protection from supernatural powers
324
What did the Persian king's power rest on?
The army
325
What did the large staff that aided the Persian king include?
1. Phoenician admirals and explorers
2. Greek doctors, scientists and philosophers
3. Satraps
326
What is a satraps?
A member of the royal family or highest nobility that would serve as a ruler of a province
327
What were military tactic generally solely depended on?
**Superior manpower** rather than subtle tactics
328
Who patrolled the roads in Persia?
Mounted couriers
329
What was the job of mounted couriers to ensure along roads (Persia)?
Ensure **excellent communications** throughout the Persian Empire
330
Why did trade flourish in Persian society?
Good security and excellent overland communications
331
In the diverse provinces of the Persian Empire, how were other forms of worship treated?
They were **honored and openly tolerated** by the Persian rulers
332
What is a satrapy?
A province ruled by a satrap
333
In each satrapy in Persia, what was systematically recorded so that new administrations could operate them?
Local laws
334
From which culture did the Persians adopt their style of clothers from?
The **Medes**
335
What language would the Persians use with their subjected peopes?
**Whatever language they spoke,** they didn’t expect you to learn Persia cause they were ok with you keeping your own culture
336
Which two civilizations ruled over Persia before they ruled over them?
Assyrian and then Babylon
337
What did Persia have the first of?
The first charter of human rights
338
What did Persia have the first of?
The first charter of human rights
339
What was the first charter of human rights written on?
A clay cylinder
340
What happens to Nabonidus after the Persians took over Babylon?
He was taken as prisoner
341
What weren’t the Persian troops allowed to do when they took a city? (Specifically Babylon)
Commit atrocities
342
What weren’t the Persian troops allowed to do when they took a city? (Specifically Babylon)
Commit atrocities
343
What did the Persians do to the gods the Babylonians had taken after they took over Babylon?
Put them back to their rightful templs
344
What did the Persians make dedicated to a god called etemenaki?
A 7 story ziggarut
345
What did the Persians have along the roads so they could travel as fast as possible?
Posing stations with fresh horses
346
What did the Persians civilization for the first time in history install in their country?
A common currency
347
What did the Persians common currency constant of?
Gold Daric, silver siglo, and shekels
348
What did the Persians common currency constant of?
Gold Daric, silver siglo, and shekels
349
Despite having a common currency now, what still didn’t cease in Persia society?
Bartering
350
What was the source of payment for most employed people?
They were mostly payed in **rations**
351
In regards to the Jews, what more modern day king is like Cyrus the Great?
**King George the fifth**, cause he *also* let the Jews go back to their homeland after WW2
352
What did King Darius standardize in Persia?
He standardized universal measurements
