isotopes

Question 1

same element

Answer 1

all atoms that belong to the same element have the same number of protons and atomic number

Question 2

isotopes

Answer 2

atoms with different mass numbers, thus a differetn number of neutrons are isotopes

Question 3

hydrogen isotope

Answer 3

hydrogen atoms can have mass numbers of 1,2 or 3 meaning it can have 1 proton, 1 proton + 1 neutrons, 1 proton +2 neutrons

Question 4

changes that come w isotopes

Answer 4

isotopes will have identical electron configurations so chemical properties such as bonding and chemical reactions are the same

change in no. of neutrons will alter the mass density and physical properties related to mass or density- different

Question 5

mass number

Answer 5

as each isotope has a different mass, the atomic mass is known as relative atomic mass, Ar (RAM) WHICH IS a weighted average of all isotopes

the r in Ar indicates the mass value is relative to C12 having a mass of 12 AMU

Question 6

RAM formual

Answer 6

RAM = (proportion of isotope A x mass of 1 A) + (proportion of isotope B x mass of IB)

note proportion and mass datA are obtained from a mass spectrum (AT)

Question 7

what are radioisotopes

Answer 7

the forces holding the nucleus of an isotope together are often unbalanced and over time particles and electromagnetic radiation are emitted from the nucleus, measured as radioactivity

ALPHA - helium nucleus 2 protons + 2 neutrons penetrating ability low
BETA - electron - moderate penetrating ability
GAMMA - electromagnetic radiation - high PA

Question 8

what is a cation

Answer 8

a cation has more protons than electrons giving it a net positive charge, to form a cation atoms loose electrons

Question 9

what is an anion

Answer 9

an anion has more electrons than protons, giving it a net neg. charge to form an anion, one or more electrons must be gained

Question 10

ions

Answer 10

an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of one or more electrons