isomers Flashcards
define the term structural isomer ?
molecules with the same molecular formula but a different structural formula
define the term chain isomer ?
molecules with the same molecular formula but when the carbon chain is different
chain isomers of C4H10
butane
methylpropane
what is meant by a position isomer ?
when the functional groups can be in different positions on the carbon chain resulting in isomers
position isomers of C3H7OH
propan-1-ol
propan-2-ol
what is meant by functional group isomerism ?
some compounds with the same molecular formula can contain different functional groups
name all the pairs of functional group isomers ?
aldehydes and ketones
carboxylic acids and esters
alkenes and cycloalkenes
What are the 2 different types of isomers ?
Structural isomers
Stereoisomers
What is meant by a stereoisomers?
Molecules that have the same molecular formula but the atoms are arranged differently in space
What is an example of a stereoisomers?
E/Z isomers
What is the main origin of E/Z isomerism
Restricted rotation around the carbon to carbon double bond
What is meant by the e isomers ?
The highest priority groups are on opposite sides of the
What is meant by Z isomers ?
The highest priority groups are on the same side
What must the alkene have in order for it to show E/Z isomerism ?
It must have 2 different groups on each of the carbon in the double bond
What kind of priority rules are used for EZ isomerism?
Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules
