Isomers

Question 1

What are the 2 classes of isomer?

Answer 1

Structural/Constitutional & Geometric

Question 2

What are structural/constitutional isomers?

Answer 2

Isomers that have the same molecular formula (same number and type of atoms), but a different arrangement/bondings of atoms

Question 3

What are the 3 different types of structural/constitutional isomers?

Answer 3

positional, branched chain & functional group isomers

Question 4

What are positional isomers?

Answer 4

Structural isomers where the position of the functional group on the main chain is different

Question 5

What are branched chain isomers?

Answer 5

Structural isomers where the main carbon chain is a different length due to the formation of side chains

Question 6

What are functional group isomers?

Answer 6

Structural isomers where the same number and type of atoms are arranged so that different functional groups can form

Question 7

What are geometric isomers?

Answer 7

Molecules with the same molecular and structural formula but a different arrangement of functional groups around a double bond

Question 8

Why do alkenes form geometric isomers?

Answer 8

because the double bond is fixed and prevents rotation

Question 9

What are the 2 forms of a geometric isomer?

Answer 9

cis, trans

Question 10

What are the 3 requirements for geometric isomerism?

Answer 10

1.) double bond to prevent rotation
2.) Each carbon attached to the double bond must have 2 different groups bonded to it
3.) There must be a common group on each side of the double bond