Isomerism

Question 1

What are esters functional group isomers of and give an example

Answer 1

Carboxylic acids, Ethyl ethanoate is a function group isomer of butanoic acid

Question 2

What is an optical isomer

Answer 2

Molecules that exist as non-superimposable mirror images

Question 3

What is a chiral centre?

Answer 3

An atom that has four different groups attached

Question 4

Define optically active

Answer 4

A sample that rotates the plane of plane polarised light

Question 5

What is a racemic mixture?

Answer 5

A 50:50 mixture of two optical isomers

Question 6

What are the two types of optical isomers

Answer 6

d and l
D stands for dextrorotation - to the right
L stands for laevorotatory - to the left

Question 7

Draw an optical isomer with four groups attached

Answer 7

in book

Question 8

What is special about optically active drugs?

Answer 8

One of the optical isomers is usually more effective than the other due to how it binds to the receptor sites.

Question 9

What is special about receptor sites?

Answer 9

Receptor sites are stereospecific due to the functional groups that are present in the site. They can only interact with one of the optical isomers because of the position of the groups on the isomer

Question 10

What are aldehydes functional group isomers of?

Answer 10

Ketones.