Isolation

Question 1

isolation

Answer 1

intentional separation and restriction of ill persons with a confirmed contagious, transmittable infection/disease

Question 2

basic principles of patient isolation care

Answer 2

-understand how diseases are transmitted and which protective barriers to use
-proper and consistent use of hand hygiene before entering and leaving patient rooms
-disposal of contaminated PPE and supplies in a manner that prevents transmission of infectious organisms
-protection of all people who are at risk of exposure during transport of patient ouside of isolation room

Question 3

tier 1 - standard precautions is for which patients

Answer 3

all patients in all healthcare settings

Question 4

tier 2 - expanded precautions

Answer 4

patients who are or are suspected of being colonized with a contagious, transmissible pathogen - contact, droplet, airborne, etc.

Question 5

tier 1 - standard precautions purpose

Answer 5

to protect healthcare workers and patients from contact with infectious agents in recognized and unrecognized sources of infection, ex: blood, body fluids, non-intact skin, mucus membranes

Question 6

aspects of expanded precautions

Answer 6

orders (PCP, CN, ICP, or house supervisor)
isolation cart (PPE)
single use equipment
door signage
patient and visitor restrictions
notification of receiving unit

Question 7

contact precautions

Answer 7

gown, gloves, hand sanitizer
sheet over patient before moving them
can have door open or closed
direct contact - person to person
indirect contact - person to contaminated object to person

Question 8

special contact precautions

Answer 8

gown, gloves, soap and water
bleach wipes (3 minutes wet)
for c-diff
sheet over patient before moving them
can have door open or closed

Question 9

droplet precautions

Answer 9

mask, gloves probably, 6 feet apart, hand sanitizer
greater than 5 microns = normal mask
mask on patient when going outside of room
sheet over patient before moving them
can have door open or closed

Question 10

airborne precautions

Answer 10

N95 mask, gloves, negative pressure room
less than 5 microns = N95 mask
wait and take mask off outside of room (in anteroom or completely out)
mask on patient when going outside of room
sheet over patient before moving them
door shut

Question 11

COVID precautions (special respiratory precautions) are split into

Answer 11

no aerosolized procedures - contact and droplet isolation
aerosolized procedures like breathing treatments or mechanical ventilation - airborne precautions

Question 12

special respiratory precautions - no aerosol generating procedures

Answer 12

gown, gloves, N95 mask + face shield or goggles
keep door closed
mask on patient when going outside of room
sheet over patient when moving them
door shut

Question 13

special respiratory precautions - aerosol generating procedures

Answer 13

gown, gloves, N95 mask + face shield or goggles, negative pressure room
mask on patient when going outside of room
sheet over patient when moving them
door shut

Question 14

the only difference between special respiratory precautions with or without aerosol generating procedures is that

Answer 14

with aerosol generating procedure is a negative pressure room to keep those aerosol inside the room
without aerosol generating procedure, no negative pressure room

Question 15

contact precautions are used for patients with

Answer 15

MDRO (Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, ESBLs, CREs, etc.),
VRE,
RSV,
Shingles (limited area of body),
Rotavirus,
Lice,
Scabies,
Wounds w/no dressing or containment of drainage

Question 16

special contact precautions are used for patients with

Answer 16

Clostridium difficile or diarrhea on admission

Question 17

droplet precautions are used for patients with

Answer 17

Influenza (flu),
pertussis,
bacterial meningitis

Question 18

airborne precautions are used for patients with

Answer 18

TB (tuberculosis),
varicella (chicken pox),
measles (rubeola),
disseminated shingles (widespread or immunocompromised patient)

Question 19

the door has to be shut for patients with what precautions (2-3)

Answer 19

airborne precautions and special respiratory precautions (both with and without aerosol generating procedures)

Question 20

soap and water has to be used with what precautions

Answer 20

special contact precautions - for patients with C. diff
all other precautions can be hand sanitizer or soap and water

Question 21

the difference between droplet and airborne precautions is that

Answer 21

droplet is greater than 5 microns
- can use normal mask
airborne is less then 5 microns
- N95 mask, negative pressure room, keep door shut
both mask on patient when leaving,
all gloves

Question 22

the difference between airborne and special respiratory precautions is that

Answer 22

airborne
- N95 mask, negative pressure room
special resp. (no aerosol)
- add face shield or goggles to N95 mask, no negative pressure room
special resp. (yes aerosol)
- add face shield or goggles to N95 mask, negative pressure room

Question 23

a sheet goes over the patient when they are leaving the room in what precautions

Answer 23

all precautions

Question 24

protective precautions

Answer 24

standard precautions (hand hygiene) + doctor’s orders
positive pressure room (to keep germs out)
staff and visitors screened before entering unit
no fresh fruit, vegetables, or flowers are allowed on unit
physician may order PPE if they deem it necessary on a case-by-case basis
patient must be masked outside of isolation room

Question 25

protective precautions are for what patients

Answer 25

immunocompromised

Question 26

what order do you put on PPE

Answer 26

put on from bottom up
gown, mask, goggles, gloves

Question 27

when do you wait and take off PPE outside of room

Answer 27

airborne precautions - negative pressure room
special resp. precautions (aerosol) - negative pressure room

Question 28

for which 2 precautions is a gown not needed

Answer 28

droplet and airborne