Body Mechanics Flashcards
body mechanics definition
posture = alignment, promotes comfort, contributes to balance and control
balance can be affected by many things
pregnancy, neuro issues
what makes movement possible
bones along with muscle and cartilage
nervous system innervates
skeletal muscle - posture and movement
smooth muscle - digestive tract, bladder and blood vessels
cardiac muscle - contracts spontaneously
skeletal muscle movement is
spontaneous or involuntary (react to hot burner)
voluntary or intentional (pick up pen)
3 types of range of motion in joints
flexion, extension and hyperextension
abduction
away from body, like abduct a child is take it away
adduct
back towards the middle or body
rotation
twist, ex: turn the head
circumduction
putting your arm in circles
healthcare industry has the
worst rates of overexertion injuries among all US industries
how many overexertion injuries for every 10,000 full-time hospital workers
75 overexertion injuries
how many overexertion injuries for every 10,000 workers at a nursing or residential facility
107 overexertion injuries
hospital rates are nearly _____ the national average for all industries, and nursing homes are nearly ____ times as high
twice, three
nurses have the highest levels of _______ over other occupations
overexertion and bodily reaction injuries
what is the leading and most costly occupational health problem?
work-related musculoskeletal disorders
types of soft tissue damage
muscles
tendons
ligaments
joints
blood vessels
nerves
spinal discs
combination of risk factors - increase chances of issues
duration
frequency
intensity
ANA position
supports guidelines that eliminate all manual movement (want you to have a device that does it for you)
true or false: training nurses to use proper body mechanics alone will avoid injuries
false - person has to use those proper body mechanics as well
true or false: while lifting devices minimize risk, the risk of MSDs cannot be eliminated altogether.
true
true or false: studies have shown that patients feel more comfortable and secure when a mechanical transfer device is used.
true
true or false: it can actually take much longer to round up a team of colleagues to manually lift a patient than to find and use lifting equipment.
true
injuries - patient risk factors
weak/unable to help with transfers
unpredictable
vision or hearing loss
uncooperative
overweight
experiencing pain
poor communication
injuries - nurse risk factors
previous injuries
not trained properly
not compliant with policies and procedures
poor physical health
sleep deprivation
injuries - task-related risk factors
reaching and lifting with loads far from the body
lifting heavy loads
twisting while lifting
unexpected changes in load demand during lift
reaching
long duration
actions that will cause injuries
moving or carrying a load significant distance
awkward posture
pushing/pulling incorrectly
completing activity with bed or chair at wrong height
frequent/repeated lifting and moving
5 aspects that are the foundation of body mechanics
face the direction of movement
body alignment
center of gravity
balance
base of support
keep your center of gravity over a ____ base of support
wide
body mechanics principles
arrange for adequate help
flex knees, keep feet wide apart
keep back, neck, pelvis, feet aligned, avoid twisting
tighten stomach muscles and pull butt in
keep object close to self
use arms and legs, not back
use coordinated movements