- ism

Question 1

Reductionism 還元主義

Answer 1

The theory that a large,complex system such as the human body can understood by studying its simpler components .

Question 2

Naturalism 自然主義

Question 3

Vitalism 生気論

Question 4

Holism　全体論

Answer 4

is the complementary theory that there are “emergent properties” of the whole organism that cannot be predicted from the properties of its separate parts -human being are more than the sum of their parts.

Question 5

Rationalism 合理主義

Question 6

Metabolism 代謝

Answer 6

living things take in molecules from the environment and chemically change them into molecules that form their own structures, control their physiology or provide them with energy. Metabolism is the sum of all this internal chemical change.

Question 7

Reproduction　再現

Answer 7

all living organism can produce copies of themselves, thus passing their genes on to new, younger containers- their offsprings.

Question 8

Homeostasis

Answer 8

Although, the environment around an organism changes, the organism maintains relatively stable internal conditions.
This ability to maintain internal stability.

Question 9

Evolution

Answer 9

All living species exhibit genetic change form generation to generation and therefore evolve. (changes in DNA)