islamic empire Flashcards
What is the name of the Islamic sanctuary dedicated to God, found in Mecca?
Kaaba
The first pillar is the basic belief of the Islamic religion, which is
A. the faith in one God
b. the idea that all should take a pilgrimage
c that all Muslims believe in many gods
A. the faith in one God
What made it difficult for foreign armies to invade Arabia?
It’s desert location
What is the role of a caliph?
a successor/leader
The first 4 caliphs were known as
the Rightly Guided caliphs.
There are three monotheistic (1 god) religions in the world
Judaism, Christianity, Islam
Arabia’s geographic position is at the crossroads of which 3 continents?
- Africa 2. Europe 3. Asia
Five seas and two gulfs surround the Arab world at the time of the birth of the Prophet Muhammad, in CE 570. Name at least 3:
- Red Seas 2. Arabian Sea 3. Black Sea
What is the main difference between the Sunni and Shia?
The main difference between Sunni and Shia Muslims is based on whether or not they believe that Prophet Muhammad explicitly designated a successor.
Sunni = Successors did not have to be related to Muhammad,. Just worthy of the position - like Caliphs.
Shias = had to be related to Mohammad
- Which empire is credited with ending the Islamic Golden Age?
Mongolian
Who is considered one of the co-founders of algebra?
al-Khwarizmi
Who are Rhazes and Ibn Sina and why are they important?
two influential Islamic physicians and scholars who lived in the medieval era.
Give two examples of Islamic achievements or contributions that we heard about during
the “Golden Age” presentations, and why they were so important or amazing:
Scientists advanced the fields of algebra, calculus, geometry, chemistry, biology, medicine, and astronomy. Many forms of art flourished during the Islamic Golden Age, including ceramics, metalwork, textiles, illuminated manuscripts, woodwork, and calligraphy
There are three monotheistic religions in the world: ____ ,_______, and ____________. What is the main similarity and difference between them?
Judaism,Christianity, Islam.
They have 1 god. Different prophets
Blank in shapes and lines that look Like blank
The Dome of the Rock in blank
The blank in Spain
Blank in India
Arabesque Flowers or Vine
Jerusalem
Alhambra
Taj Mahal
what are the five pillars
shabadah or faith
salab or prayer
zakat or giving
sawn or fasting
hajj or pilgrimgge
a fertile place in a desert where a spring or well provides a water supply
oasis
~ moving from place to place, with no fixed home
nomadic
~ a Muslim house (building) of worship
mosque
~ goods or money given to the poor or needy
alms
~ not eating or drinking for a period of time
fasting
~ a journey to a sacred place or shrine
pilgrimage
~ successor; leader of Islam (caliphate = rule by a caliph)
caliph
~ “holy struggle”, Arab warriors fought (fight) under this banner/principle
jihad
~ major Islamic sect, about 85% of all Muslims; believe a caliph should be chosen by leaders of Muslim community
Sunnis
~ largest minority Islamic sect; believe a caliph should only be chosen from Muhammad’s relatives only
Shiites (Shia)
~ word of God for Muslims, holy book, most sacred text in Islam
Qur’an (Koran; Quran)
~ a family that holds political power through many generations
dynasty
~ a written agreement between countries or people
treaty
~ Muslim ruler (like a king or emperor)
sultan
~ a religious leader
imam
~ a tower where a muezzin would call people to prayer
minaret
~ a religious school
madrasa
~ woven goods
textile
~ a marketplace
souk
~ decorative writing; most sacred Muslim art form
calligraphy
~ a pattern of curved shapes and lines resembling flowers or vines
arabesque
~ the Islamic law code; means “the way that leads to God”
Sharia
Who met in Baghdad to collect and translate great ancient texts and literature to learn and create new works?
Scholars
- Which empire is credited with ending the Islamic Golden Age?
Mongolian
Which of the following contributed to the end of the Islamic Empire?
A. The Abbasid Dynasty splintered in the 900s leaving an ununited empire.
B. The Christians were fighting the Muslims in the Crusades & from moving into Europe.
C. The Catholics pushed the Muslims out of Spain.
D. All of the above.
D. All of the above.
Give 2 examples of Islamic achievements or contributions that we heard about during
the “Golden Age”
Scientists advanced the fields of algebra, calculus, geometry, chemistry, biology, medicine, and astronomy. Many forms of art flourished during the Islamic Golden Age, including ceramics, metalwork, textiles, illuminated manuscripts, woodwork, and calligraphy.
Who are Rhazes and Ibn Sina and why are they important?
two influential Islamic physicians and scholars who lived in the medieval era.
Who is considered one of the co-founders of algebra?
al-Khwarizmi
Who was MOhammad
The founder of Islam. He was a messenger of god, prophet
Koran
Muslim holy book (like the bible for Christians)
Second pillar of islam
Prayer (5x a day)
Third Pillar of islam
Giving (ALms)
Fourth Pillar of Islam
fasting (during Ramadan)
Fifth pillar of islam
pilgrimage to mecca
when did Mohammad die
632
The Dome of the Rock is in
Jerusalem
The Alhambra is in what COuntry
Spain
Where is the Taj Mahal
India
