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Islam Test Flashcards

1
Q

What major event happened in 570 CE?

A

Muhammad was born.

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2
Q

What major event happened in 610 CE?

A

Muhammad received God’s message through Gabriel.

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3
Q

What major event happened in 613 CE?

A

Muhammad shared his message with the Meccans

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4
Q

What major event happened in 622 CE?

A

Muhammad and his followers went on the Hijrah; This is also the first year in the Islamic Calendar.

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5
Q

What major event happened in 632 CE?

A

Muhammad died.

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6
Q

Jihad

A

Internal struggle; sometimes used to justify violence but that’s not the original meaning.

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7
Q

Ramadan

A

A month in the Islamic calendar when Muslims fast and practice fasting, praying, and a time of reflection and becoming closer to God.

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8
Q

Mosque

A

A Muslim place of worship.

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9
Q

Sharia

A

Guidelines in order for Muslims to live their best lives. Sharia is heavily dependent on the Qur’an and the Sunnah.

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10
Q

Qur’an

A

The holy book of the religion of Islam.

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11
Q

Sunnah

A

The example that Muhammad set for Muslims about how to live.

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12
Q

Bedouins

A

Nomadic Arabs of the desert.

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13
Q

Qibla

A

The direction in which Muslims face when they pray.

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14
Q

Imam

A

The person who leads the prayers in a Mosque.

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15
Q

Khadija

A

Muhammad’s wife.

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16
Q

Mihrab

A

A niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates qibla.

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17
Q

Cordoba

A

Cordoba is a city in Spain and it was a intellectual center where Jews, Christians, and Muslims gathered to discuss. It was very important to the spread of Islam.

18
Q

Caliphate

A

The Muslim government led by the caliphs was called the caliphate.

19
Q

Qadi

A

A judge

20
Q

Tours

A

The last battle that the Muslim empire fought

21
Q

Ummah

A

A community of Muslims

22
Q

“People of the book”

A

Christians, Jews, and Muslims

23
Q

Sunnis/Shi’ites

A

Sunnis believed that the caliphs should be appointed by election, and the Shi’ites refused to let any people who weren’t decedents from Muhammad to become a caliph.

24
Q

Ka’bah

A

The most sacred site in Islam, built by Abraham, located in Mecca.

25
Q

Muhammad

A

Founder of Islam, prophet.

26
Q

Umayyad Dynasty

A

The Umayyad dynasty started shortly after the death of the last Caliph (Ali ibn Abi Talib.) It was ruled by the caliph Mu’awiyah. There were many who opposed of his rule due to his lineage (The Shi’ites) and those who accepted him (the Sunnis.) This caused him to move the capital of the empire to Damascus, Syria. During his rule, Mu’awiyah worked to expand Islam there. They adopted many Arab aspects too (like the Arabic language and currency.) Mu’awiyah’s last battle was at the Battle of Tours in Spain. They weren’t able to conquer Spain and stopped expanding, but they held onto the city of Cordoba. Cordoba proved to be important to the development of Islam, being an intellectual center for religious scholars.

27
Q

Hijra

A

Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina. First year in the Islamic calendar.

28
Q

Abraham

A

First prophet of God.

29
Q

Mecca

A

The holiest city of Islam, where Muhammad was born.

30
Q

Mu’awiyah

A

The caliph that took over after Ali’s death.

31
Q

Schism

A

Division

32
Q

Allah

A

God

33
Q

Shahada

A

1st Pillar: Submission to God; there’s only one God.

34
Q

Salat

A

2nd Pillar: Prayers and praying 5 times a day.

35
Q

Zakat

A

3rd Pillar: Donating money to charity, at least 2.5% of savings to charity.

36
Q

Siyam

A

4th Pillar: Fasting and Ramadan

37
Q

Hajj

A

5th Pillar: The pilgrimage or journey to Mecca, at least once in their life time

38
Q

Abu Bakr (632-634)

A

1st Caliph: Used force to reunite the community when tribes tried to break away, Muhammad’s cousin and father in law.

39
Q

Umar (634-644)

A

2nd Caliph: Umar continued to expand Islam by conquest, which allowed Muslims to gain more land and resources. Umar established tax systems in Iraq, Iran, Syria, and Egypt.

40
Q

Uthman (644-656)

A

3rd Caliph: Definitive version of Qu’aran. Conquered North Africa, Tunisia, Armenia, and Afghanistan.

41
Q

Ali (656-661)

A

4th Caliph: Muhammad’s son in law, assassinated by a former supporter.

Test Flashcards (4 decks)

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