Islam Terms

Question 1

“Muslims”

Answer 1

One who has submitted to Muhammad

Question 2

Mecca

Answer 2

The holy city

Question 3

Muhammad

Answer 3

Founder of the religion of Islam. Accepted by Muslims throughout the world as the last of the prophets of God.

Question 4

Quran

Answer 4

Central text of Islam; “recite”; record of Allah’s revelations to Muhammad

Question 5

Abu 1 Bakr

Answer 5

Closest friend and supporter; – Within two years of Muhammad’s death all his revelations had been collected and written down

Question 6

Imam

Answer 6

“Leader” of prayer in a Sunni mosque, or the religious-political leader of a Shi’a community

Question 7

Sunnis

Answer 7

“People of the tradition,” the majority of Muslims

Question 8

Ali

Answer 8

Fatima’s Husband

Question 9

Dome of the Rock

Answer 9

• 1st memorial built by Muslims
• 3rd most holy place for Muslims
• One of three mosque’s Muslims travel to for worship (pilgrimage)
• Commemorates Muhammad’s ascent into heaven to receive a revelation from Allah
• Built on the same site as the ancient Jewish Temple

Question 10

Caliph

Answer 10

“Representative” or “successor” of Muhammad; ruler of Muslim community

Question 11

Muta Marriage

Answer 11

• Shi’ite Islam allows “temporary marriage”
• Contract for a specific period of time (a day, a night, several days, few hours)
• The man gives the woman money
• Any children born are legitimate
• The woman has no claim to the man once the contract is over

Question 12

Sura

Answer 12

is a division of the Quran, although it can be approximately referred to as a chapter.

Question 13

Hamas

Answer 13

Islamic Resistance Movement; terrorist groups;

Question 14

Palestinian Movement

Answer 14

Palestinian development; is the national movement of the Palestinian people. It has roots in Pan-Arabism, the rejection of colonialism and movements calling for national independence.[1] Unlike pan-Arabism in general, Palestinian nationalism has emphasized Palestinian self-government and has rejected the historic non-domestic Arab rule by Egypt over the Gaza Strip and Jordan over the West Bank.

Question 15

Allah

Answer 15

• Arabic word for “the God”
• Arabic Christians addressed God as “Allah” before Muhammad was born
• “Allah” was used by Pre-Islamic pagans to refer to one of the more prominent of their gods.
• General semitic term for God: ‘el; Arabic ‘ilah;
• Allah = The God [‘ilah + al (the article)]

Question 16

Ka’ba

Answer 16

• Polytheistic shrine before Muhammad
• Images, statues of 360 gods
• Muhammad destroyed the images & statues
• Ka’ba became main sanctuary of Islam
• Place where Abraham almost sacrificed Ishmael
• Muslims say Abraham and Ishmael built as a place to worship the one true God

Question 17

Khadija

Answer 17

a wealthy widow, hired Muhammad to lead caravans to Syria for her

Question 18

Hijrah (“migration”)

Answer 18

“Flight” of Muslims to Mecca in 622 C.E.

Question 19

Friday

Answer 19

Holy day

Question 20

Hadith

Answer 20

“Traditions,” a traditional report recording a saying or action of Muhammad

Question 21

Shi’ites

Answer 21

“Party” or “followers” of Ali, the group that hold that Muhammad’s true successors descended from his son-in-law Ali

Question 22

Ayatollah

Answer 22

Ayatollah is a high ranking title given to Usuli Twelver Shī‘ah clerics. Those who carry the title are experts in Islamic studies such as jurisprudence, ethics, and philosophy and usually teach in Islamic seminaries

Question 23

Mosque

Answer 23

Building for formal Muslim worship

Question 24

Zionism

Answer 24

is support among some Muslims of self-determination of the Jewish people and a sovereign, Jewish national homeland. Specifically this may refer to the belief by some Muslims that the return of the Jews to the Holy Land, and hence the establishment of the State of Israel, is in accordance with teachings of Islam.

Question 25

Intifada

Answer 25

is an Arabic word which literally means “shaking off”, though it is popularly translated into English as “uprising”, “resistance”, or “rebellion”.

Question 26

Sufi Movement

Answer 26

Islamic mystical movements and their followers

Question 27

Islamic Jihad

Answer 27

known in the West as simply Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), is a Palestinian militant organization.[2] The group has been labelled as a terrorist group by the United States,[3] the European Union,[4] the United Kingdom,[5] Japan,[6] Canada,[7] Australia[8] and Israel. Iran is a major financial supporter of the PIJ