Islam Terms Flashcards
Islam terms and names
“Muslims”
One who has submitted to Muhammad
Mecca
The holy city
Muhammad
Founder of the religion of Islam. Accepted by Muslims throughout the world as the last of the prophets of God.
Quran
Central text of Islam; “recite”; record of Allah’s revelations to Muhammad
Abu 1 Bakr
Closest friend and supporter; – Within two years of Muhammad’s death all his revelations had been collected and written down
Imam
“Leader” of prayer in a Sunni mosque, or the religious-political leader of a Shi’a community
Sunnis
“People of the tradition,” the majority of Muslims
Ali
Fatima’s Husband
Dome of the Rock
- 1st memorial built by Muslims
- 3rd most holy place for Muslims
- One of three mosque’s Muslims travel to for worship (pilgrimage)
- Commemorates Muhammad’s ascent into heaven to receive a revelation from Allah
- Built on the same site as the ancient Jewish Temple
Caliph
“Representative” or “successor” of Muhammad; ruler of Muslim community
Muta Marriage
- Shi’ite Islam allows “temporary marriage”
- Contract for a specific period of time (a day, a night, several days, few hours)
- The man gives the woman money
- Any children born are legitimate
- The woman has no claim to the man once the contract is over
Sura
is a division of the Quran, although it can be approximately referred to as a chapter.
Hamas
Islamic Resistance Movement; terrorist groups;
Palestinian Movement
Palestinian development; is the national movement of the Palestinian people. It has roots in Pan-Arabism, the rejection of colonialism and movements calling for national independence.[1] Unlike pan-Arabism in general, Palestinian nationalism has emphasized Palestinian self-government and has rejected the historic non-domestic Arab rule by Egypt over the Gaza Strip and Jordan over the West Bank.
Allah
- Arabic word for “the God”
- Arabic Christians addressed God as “Allah” before Muhammad was born
- “Allah” was used by Pre-Islamic pagans to refer to one of the more prominent of their gods.
- General semitic term for God: ‘el; Arabic ‘ilah;
- Allah = The God [‘ilah + al (the article)]
Ka’ba
- Polytheistic shrine before Muhammad
- Images, statues of 360 gods
- Muhammad destroyed the images & statues
- Ka’ba became main sanctuary of Islam
- Place where Abraham almost sacrificed Ishmael
- Muslims say Abraham and Ishmael built as a place to worship the one true God
Khadija
a wealthy widow, hired Muhammad to lead caravans to Syria for her
Hijrah (“migration”)
“Flight” of Muslims to Mecca in 622 C.E.
Friday
Holy day
Hadith
“Traditions,” a traditional report recording a saying or action of Muhammad
Shi’ites
“Party” or “followers” of Ali, the group that hold that Muhammad’s true successors descended from his son-in-law Ali
Ayatollah
Ayatollah is a high ranking title given to Usuli Twelver Shī‘ah clerics. Those who carry the title are experts in Islamic studies such as jurisprudence, ethics, and philosophy and usually teach in Islamic seminaries
Mosque
Building for formal Muslim worship
Zionism
is support among some Muslims of self-determination of the Jewish people and a sovereign, Jewish national homeland. Specifically this may refer to the belief by some Muslims that the return of the Jews to the Holy Land, and hence the establishment of the State of Israel, is in accordance with teachings of Islam.
