Islam Beliefs , Teachings Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 6 articles of faith in Sunni tradition ?
A
1) Tawhid ( oneness of Allah ) + Risalah ( prophethood )
2) Angels of Allah
3) books of Allah
4) messengers of Allah - prophets ( Rasuul )
5) Akhirah afterlife - day of judgment
6) Al-Qad’r ( predestination tee ) - everything in universe follows a masterplan set by Allah
2
Q
What are the 5 roots of Usul ad-Din in Shi’a tradition ?
A
belief in :
- oneness and unity of God ( Al-tawhid )
- Divine Justice ( Al-adl )
- Prophethood ( Al - Nubuwwah)
- Imams ( Al-Imamah )
- Day of Resurrection ( Al-Ma’ad )
3
Q
Difference between belief in successor after Muhammad
A
- Regard Ali as Muhammad’s true successor ; don’t acknowledge the previous three caliphs
- Sunni believe Abu Baker is Muhammad’s true successor
4
Q
What do Shi’a Muslims believe about Imams
A
- successors of Muhammad
- belief in 12 Imams chosen by Allah , direct descendants of Prophet Muhammad
- imams preserved to religion after Muhammad’s death
- protected by Allah from commuting sins to keep religion pure
- role : Interpret Shari’ah law told to Muhammad by Allah and to explain any issues arising from it
5
Q
What happened to the first 11 imams ? Belief in 12th Imam ?
A
- first 11 martyred
- 12 Imam in occupation waiting to reappear at Gods appointed time
- still living and a breathing human
- God will send him back as a Messiah to bring justice, peace and coexistence at the end of the world
- before, second coming of Jesus
6
Q
What do Shi’a Muslims believe about divine justice ( Al-Adl )
A
- objective framework of right and wrong
- Allah is perfect and always acts in a way that it morally right
- Humans choose to work out what is morally right through free will
- God judges people according to moral framework , day of judgement
7
Q
What are the key beliefs about the characteristics of Allah ?
A
- infinite
- omnipotent
- omniscient
- merciful
- transcendent
- immanent
- fair
- just
8
Q
Bismalah
A
“ in the name of God , the merciful , the compassionate “
9
Q
Difference between transcendent and immanent
A
- transcendent: God is much greater than humans and beyond human understanding
- immanent : close to humans and involved in their lives
10
Q
What does Tawhid mean forMuslims ?
A
- Muslims give their whole lives completely to the will of Allah seeking to become a servant of him
- live life in obedience to the commands of Allah
- Allah has knowledge of everything , they will try not to sin
- enables believers to understand everything they habe is by the will of Allah , humble as they can’t do anything without Allah
- Won’t place anything about Allah
- Don’t fear death as it’s set by Allah
- polytheistic religions are completely condemned , coming shirk
11
Q
What is Risalah ?
A
- prophethood : means of communication between Allah and humans
- Teach , guide and train people to follow hum
- messengers are humans , hence not worshipped
- Each prophet is at equal status
12
Q
Why do humans need Allahs guidance ?
A
Humans are limited in their knowledge and are imperfect
13
Q
What is the last and most important book of Allah’s guidance ?
A
Qur’an , revealed to prophet Muhammad
14
Q
What’s significant about the Quran compared to the other books ?
A
- Only book that exists in original form ( exact words of Allah )
- written in Arabic and entirely unchanged
- only true word of God
- contains guidance on what Muslims should believe + how they should live thief lives
- Other books became distorted no longer accurate
15
Q
Describe the prophet Adam
A
- First man created by Allah + first prophet
- created as Gods “ vicegerent “ or “ Khalifa” : Act for him on earth
- Created Adam using dust off ground , combined with water to form clay
- Gave knowledge , ability to reason
- Iblis believed he was better than Adam , didn’t bow to respect , therefore expelled from his presence
- Iblis tempted Adam and Hawwa to eat from forbidden tree , sent out of Al-Jannah
16
Q
Describe the prophet Ibrahim
A
- “ Man of truth “ , only believed in one true god despite being born in a polytheistic family
- Told father they are wrong to worship carved idols but they rejected this message and sent him out of Babylon
- Command of Allah , Ibrahim + wife travelled to Syria , had sons Ismail and Isaac
- Tested Ibrahim faith , sacrifice sin Ismail , tempted by Iblis three times
- Ibrahim threw stones at Iblis and prepared to dollop instructions
- Allah provided a ram as an alternative sacrifice
- commitment to faith honoured
17
Q
Describe the prophet Isma’il
A
- son on Ibrahim as blessing from Allah
- ishamaelite tribe
- Allah asked Ibrahim to leave son with Hajar ( mother ) in Makkah
- Deserted place , no water , or any other life
- Ibrahim remained obedient to Allah despite wife asking
- Flask of Water ran out , Hajar ran seven times between two hills ( Safa and Marwa )
- Ismail begann to kick group with heel and water miraculously began to spurt up
- Father and son rebuilt Kaaba
18
Q
Describe the prophet Musa
A
- from the Banu Isra’il - Children of Israel or Israelites
- Pharoah ordered killing all male Israelite children , stop growing + become powerful
- Musas mother , placed Musa in basket in the river Nile
- Landed to rest , picked up by Pharoah’s family , adopted as Son
- grow up , saw Egyptian beating an Israelite
- flee to Egypt , called by Allah to be messenger
- Allah told to go to the Pharaoh and after display of power , Pharaoh released Israelite people
- PH changed mind + sent army after them
- Allah caused Nile to separate to create dry path for Israelites
- then bought river back down , drowning Egyptians
19
Q
Significance of Musa
A
- Led the Israelites under Allahs guidance
- Allah revealed the Tawrat ( Torah ) to Moses
- Gave him the 10 commandments
20
Q
Describe the prophet Dawud
A
- prophet + eventually king of Israelites
- Killed Goliath ( part of Philistine army )
- rest were too scared to fight
- Talut ( Saul ) king at that time , rewarded Dawud and made him commander of army
- Talut soon became jealous
- After Talut died , everyone agreed Dawud should become king
- nation of Israel prospered + lived with a fear and respect for Allah
21
Q
Describe the prophet Isa
A
- law giver ; received the revelations from Allah as recorded in the Injil ( gospel )
- messiah who will truth on the day of resurrection at end of world + bring together true Muslims
- According to Hadith , Isa will establish Islam , in the end times and will make war until all religions except Islam are destroyed
- spoke while still in cradle + performed many miracles in life , healing people , raising the dead etc.
- did not die , Allah took him into presence
22
Q
Describe the prophet Muhammad
A
- final prophet ; perfect example of how to obey Allah
- sent by Allah to declare truth of Islam
- parents both died (6) , grandfather died (8)
- trip to Syria , a Christian mock , Bahira , identified he would be a prophet
- grew up + gained reputation
- married Khadijah , wealthy woman who was 40
23
Q
Explain a Significant moment when Allah brought peace ?
A
- Kaaba needed rebuilding after bad floods
- carried out by tribes of Quraysh + Muhammad
- Final power was to place the Hajar al-Aswan on the East wall of Kaaba
- Dispute broke out , wanted great honour of placing stone
- Agreed first person the next morning to turn up does it
- Muhammad was there first , delighted , honesty and trustworthiness
- Asked all the tribal chiefs to get hold of the sheet from all around and lift together , everyone participated no blood shed
24
Q
Describe the night of power
A
- Night Muhammad receives the first verses of the Quran
- Laylat al-Qad’r
- occurred during the last of the 10 nights of Ramadan
- Time many Muslims devote themselves to prayer and read Quran
- Start of Allahs final revelation significant
