Islam: Belief In Allah Flashcards
Adalat
Allah is just
Beneficence
Allah is actively good and kind
Benevolence
Allah is all loving
Immanence
Allah is active and part of this world
Omnipotence
Allah is all powerful
Tawhid
The oneness of God
Transcendence
Allah is beyond this world
Merciful
Allah is compassionate
Omniscience
Allah is all knowing
Malaikah
Islamic belief in angels
Risalah
Prophet or messenger of Islam
Sunni Islam
Democratic succession
Shi’ah Islam
Inherited succession
What are the 5 pillars of Islam?
1) SHAHADAH, declaration of faith
2) SALAT, prayer
3) ZAKAT, 2.5% income to charity
4) SAWM, Ramadan
5) HAJJ, pilgrimage to Mecca
What are the 6 beliefs in Sunni Islam?
1) Tawhid
2) Risalah
3) Qur’an
4) Malaikah
5) Allah’s decrees
6) Final Judgement
Summarisation of Tawhid
- Allah is one without partners
- He caused all things to exist
- He doesn’t need help or assistance in his Lordship over creation
- “He is Allah, the one and only”
Summarisation of Risalah
- Lawgivers sent by God to spread His message in a language people can understand
- Many Jewish and Christian prophets and revelations delivered are mentioned in the Quran as the same but usually with Arabic names
Summarisation of Quran
- Guides them on how they should behave in life
- Sacred word of Allah, intended to correct any errors in previous holy books (e.g. Bible, Old Test.)
- Revealed in stages to PM in Arabic over 23 years
- Made of 114 chapters in old Arabic dialect with each chapter starting with a prayer except one
Summarisation of Malaikah
- No free will, only does what Allah orders
- Malaikah perform important roles in maintaining Muslim lives
Summarisation of Allah’s decrees
- Belief in law of nature AND law of religion (shariah)
- Certain actions lead to good results or evil consequences
- All things should work to live to achieve good results and be rewarded in the afterlife
Summarisation of Final Judgement
- Present life is a trial/preparation for the next realm of existence in the afterlife
- Those who die believing that, “There is no true God but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of God” will go to Paradise
What are the Five Roots of Usul ad-Din? (Shi’a Islam)
1) Mi’ad (Day of Judgment)
2) Imamah (successors to PM)
3) Tawhid (the oneness and unity of God)
4) Mubuwwah (prophethood)
5) ‘Adl (Divine Justice)
Definition of Mi’ad (Day of Judgment/Resurrection)
There will be a day of judgement where all will be judged according to their actions and this will determine who enters heaven and who will go to hell
Definition of Imamah (Successors to Muhammad)
The PM was commanded by God to appoint 12 successors/Imams after him. The Imams are infallible, like the prophet, so do not make errors
Definition of Tawhid (Oneness and Unity of God)
The belief that God is the Creator of the universe; He is one and does not have partners
Definition of Mubuwwah (Prophethood)
God sent messengers and prophets to guide humankind to the right path and that the last prophet sent to mankind was PM
Definition of ‘Adl (Divine Justice)
The belief that God does not oppress anybody and is just
Jibril
- The most important messenger angel, who Allah used to communicate with the prophets
- Delivered the whole Quran to PM over a period of 23 years
- Called the ‘Trustworthy Spirit’
Izra’il
- Referred to as the angel of death in the Quran, not by name
- Responsible for taking the soul of every person and returning it to Allah
Mika’il
- Oversees the provision and maintenance of life
- Placed in charge of the plants and rain
- Muslim scholars interpret his role to be to provide food for the body and soul
Munkar and Nakir
They question the newly dead on their lives and beliefs
Adem
- He was the first man
- Allah created him from clay that was poured then dried in the shape of Adem
Ibrihim
- The second prophet
- Tried to kill his son when Allah told him to in order to test his faith but at the last moment Allah stopped him
- God commended him for his faith
Isma’il
- One of Ibrihim’s sons and also a prophet
- When he found out that his father was to sacrifice him for Allah, he didn’t hesitate to offer his life
- Always trust and put Allah first and always be prepared to offer themselves for the sacrifice of faith
Musa
- Main prophet of Islam, appointed by Allah to free the enslaved Israelis
- Was given the scripture and the ability to teach right and wrong
- Persevering in the face of suffering will be praised by Allah, God overcomes evil
Dawud
- One of the messengers of the Bam Isra’il
- Victory against the oppressive Jalut (Goliath), and was then made King of the Israelites
- Allah gives honour to his chosen ones, blessed with both worldy and spiritual honour
Isa
- One of the most honoured prophets of Allah
- Isa’s many miracles and his birth and the Injil revealed to him was mentioned in the Quran
- Muslims follow Isa’s example and worship God
Muhammad
- Seal of Prophets
- Taught Quran over 23 years
- Important part of sharing the Quran with others
Kutuballah
Books of Allah (one of the Articles of Faith)
*Sahifah, Tawrat, Zabur + Injil
Sahifah (Scrolls)
Scrolls given to Ibrihim:
Tells Muslims that they only earn what they work for, and their final goal should always be Allah, as no one is as powerful as Him
Tawrat (Torah)
Revelations made to Musa:
Contains many good teachings and laws given to Musa, but only for Jews and for a limited time. Also believed to include a prophecy about the future appearance of PM
Zabur (Psalms)
Psalms given to Dawud:
Made up of songs, prayers and poems which Muslims believe were inspired by Allah
Injil (Gospel)
Teachings given to Isa:
A valuable collection of revelations which teach morals such as mercy and love
Akhirah
Muslim belief in an afterlife
Jannah
If you follow Allah’s teachings you will go to heaven or paradise after death
Jahannum
If you do not follow Allah’s teachings you will go to hell after death
Judgement
On the Day of Judgement people will be judged by Allah. The angels have recorded every action you have done on earth and this will be used to decide your faith
Al-Qadr
Predestination or fate in Islam
Human freedom
Suggests that Muslims have some freedom as humans to change their fate
Al-Qadiriyyah
Humans have no control over their actions; everything is dictated by Allah. The outcomes of Judgment Day are already decided
Al-Jabiriyah
Humans have control over their destiny, and on the Day of Judgment Allah will look at your actions and from this decide where you spend eternity
Benevolence/Beneficence quote
“Allah loveth those who do good”
Tawhid quote
“He is Allah, the one and only”
Adalat quote
“Allah has commanded us to be just”
Omniscient quote
“Allan is knowing of all things”
Risalah/Following Allah’s teachings quote
“And when his God tested Abraham with various commands, and he proved true to each one”
Malaikah quote
“They glorify Him night and Day: they do not halt.”
Transcendence/Immanence/omnipotence quote
“It is He who created the night and the day”
Day of Judgment/Akhira/Adalat quote
‘Everyone will be tried according to his level of faith’
Al-Qadiriyyah quote from Quran
“He is the all-knowing Creator: when He wills something to be, His way is to say, ‘Be’-and it is!
Al-Jabiriyah quote
“Every human being is free to choose between good and evil (…) it is Allah’s knowledge that is unchangeable.”
