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World Religions > Islam > Flashcards

Islam Flashcards

1
Q

570 CE

A

Birth of Muhammad

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2
Q

610 CE

A

First Revelation

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3
Q

622 CE

A

The migration of early Muslim community from Mecca to Medina

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4
Q

632 CE

A

Muhammad Dies

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5
Q

661-750 CE

A

Umayyad Dynasty, controversial Muslim dynasty that ruled during this time

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6
Q

680 CE

A

Karbela - husayn martyr

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7
Q

750-1258 CE

A

Abassid Celphate

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8
Q

What are the five pillars of Islam

A
  1. Shahada [confession]
  2. Salat [prayer]
  3. Zakat [almsgiving]
  4. Sawn [fasting]
  5. Hajj [Pilgrimage to Mecca]
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9
Q

What is Shahada?

A

“Confessions”

  • a declaration of faith
  • to become Muslim one must recite the Shahada with sincerity in front of a witness
    “There is no God but God & Mohammad is the messenger of God”
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10
Q

What is the Sabat?

A

“ Prayer”

  • call to prayer
  • facing Mecca
  • ritual washing before prayer
  • 5x a day
  • communal Friday noon prayer
  • use of prayer mat
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11
Q

What is Zakat?

A

“ Almsgiving”

  • % of certain types of property/ income
  • functions like a tax in Muslim majority countries
  • understood as a way of making money ritually pure
  • provides for the poor/ institutions including mosques and schools
  • required for all adults except for those who do not meet minimum wages
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12
Q

What is Sawn?

A

“Fasting during Ramadan”

  • retain from eating, drinking, sexual activity from sunrise to sunset
  • pregnant woman, young children, elderly and the ill are exempt
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13
Q

What is Hajj?

A

“Pilgrimage is o Mecca”

  • second week of phu al-hajj, last month of the year
  • must undertake during a state of ritual purity called Ihram
  • pilgrims walk around the ka’ba seven times counter clockwise in a ritual known as taw-at
  • journey to the Plain of Arafat to commemorate Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice his son Ishmael
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14
Q

What are the two major holidays?

A

1: Id al-Adha “feast of sacrifice”
2: Id al-fitr “feast of fast-breaking”

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15
Q

Abbasids

A

Important Muslim empire that ruled from 750-1258 CE

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16
Q

Adhan

A

The call to prayer

17
Q

Aisha

A

beloved wife of Muhammad who is known for transmitting many Hadith

18
Q

Ashura

A

Tenth day of Muharram, recognized by Shi’a Muslim’s as the anniversary of the martyrdom of Husayn

19
Q

Caliph

A

Leader of the Muslim community after the death of Muhammad

20
Q

Hadith

A

Literary tradition recording the sayings and deeds of Muhammad

21
Q

Husayn

A

Grandson of Muhammad who was killed while challenging the Umayyads

22
Q

Imam

A

Prayer leader in the Shi’a tradition, one of the leaders of the Muslim community after the death of Muhammad

23
Q

Jahiliyya

A

“Age of ignorance”, time period after the revelation of the Qur’an

24
Q

What are the two types ofJihad?

A

Greater jihad: struggle with one’s self to become a better person

Lesser jihad: military conflict in defence of faith

25
Q

Khadija

A

Muhammad’s first wife

26
Q

Mecca

A

City in which Muhammad was born; place of pilgrimage for Muslims

27
Q

Medina

A

City to which Muhammad and his early followers migrated to escape persecution in Mecca

28
Q

Miraj

A

Muhammad’s night journey from Mecca to Jerusalem and from there to heaven, where he met God

29
Q

Muezzin

A

The person who calls the adhan

30
Q

Shari’a

A

“The way to the waterhole”

-specifically Islamic law

31
Q

Shi’a

A

Believed that Ali should have succeeded as leader of the Muslim community after the death of Muhammad. Only the family/ descendants of the prophet Muhammad should lead the Muslim community

32
Q

Shirk

A

The sin of idolatry, of worshipping anything other than God, the one unforgivable sin of Islam

33
Q

Sufi

A

Follower of mystic tradition of Islam, Sufism which focuses on the believers personal experience of God and goal of union with God

34
Q

Sunnah

A

“Way of Life”

Specifically refers to the example of the life of Muhammad; important religious source

35
Q

Sunni

A

Believed that the Muslim community should decide on a successor to lead after the death of Muhammad

36
Q

What are the two main branches of Islam?

A

Sunni & Shi’a

37
Q

Surah

A

Chapter of the Qur’an there are 114 surahs in the Qur’an

38
Q

Tafsir

A

Interpretation of or commentary on the Qur’an there are several types of tasfir, which aim to explain the meaning of the Qur’an

39
Q

Umma

A

Worldwide Muslim community

World Religions (3 decks)

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