Islam

Question 1

Arabia

Answer 1

had many caravan trade routes typically operated by bedouins (nomadic Arabs) who were polytheistic animists

Question 2

Bedouin

Answer 2

non Arab people who were polytheistic animists.

Question 3

Mecca, importance, early reaction to Islam

Answer 3

Mecca used to be a holy site for many polytheists with the ka’ab in the center. muhammad the prophet was born in mecca. Muhammad’s monotheism threatened Mecca’s wealth (trade) and religious tourist industry
The city rejected Muhammad so he fled to medina.

Question 4

Ka’aba

Answer 4

before islam the Kaa’ba was a place of worship for had idols of polytheistic gods. after Muhammad took over mecca it because the they built and Islamic mosque surrounding the Kaaba and it became the holiest worship place of the Islamic religion.

Question 5

Hijra (why, where)

Answer 5

the pilgrimage to mecca. all Islamic people are supposed to take if possible once in their life. one of the 5 pillars of Islam.

Question 6

Islam; Muslim (definitions)

Answer 6

“submitter (to God)” or “one who surrenders (to God)”.

Question 6

Reasons for emergence

Answer 6

it gave a lot of charity to poor people, while other religions at that time just benefited the rich. so when Islam emerged many people converted because It benefited them.

Question 6

Muhammad’s first converts

Answer 6

his family and wife were the first people that beloved muhammad as a prophet and converted to Islam.

Question 7

Mosque (great Mosque)

Answer 7

a Muslim place of worship. the great mosque is located in mecca.

Question 8

Quran, hadith, shariah

Answer 8

the Quran is the holy text of Islam. the Hadith is a collection of traditions containing sayings of the prophet Muhammad. shariah is the Islamic law.

Question 8

“Seal of the Prophets”

Answer 8

muhammad, meaning the last prophet.

Question 9

Five Pillars

Answer 9

the 5 major principles also Muslims must follow during there lives.

Question 10

Dome of the Rock, importance of Jerusalem

Answer 10

located in jerusalem, is said to be believed to be the location where Abraham was prepared to sacrifice his son Ismail. this location is a holy place for christianity, judaism, and islam so it is important all group are on good terms.

Question 11

Similarities between Islam, Judaism and Christianity (“People of the Book”)

Answer 11

monotheism, the belief in one god. notions of sacrifice, good works, hospitality, peace, justice, pilgrimage, an afterlife and loving God with all one’s heart and soul.

Question 12

Sunni Islam

Answer 12

led by the “Four Rightly Guided Caliphs” who acted as the spiritual, political, and military leader of Islam

Question 13

Shia Islam

Answer 13

believed that a relative of Muhammad should be the leader

Question 14

Caliph, Caliphate

Answer 14

the chief Muslim civil and religious ruler, regarded as the successor of Muhammad. and a caliphate is a empire ruled by a caliphate.

Question 15

Dar al-Islam

Answer 15

the house of peace. and refers to the dominion of Islam, namely, any structure (be it a home, community, or state) that allows the free practice of Islam.

Question 16

Treatment of conquered people

Answer 16

they let them keep their own cultures and practices, like there religions or other cultural practices. so the conquered people were treated very well.

Question 17

Umayyad

Answer 17

sunnis, shias did not accept them for all of there reign. expanded territories. moved the capital to Damascus.

Question 18

Abbasid

Answer 18

shia muslim. focused on expanding knowledge and trading rather than expansion.

Question 19

Baghdad, House of Wisdom

Answer 19

State sponsored learning, schools, art, architecture, literature

Question 20

women’s rights,

Answer 20

in the auran it speaks for equality for men and women. but they were still living in a patriarchal society so women did have much less rights and freedoms than men.

Question 21

Impact of Persia, Mesopotamia, India and Byzantium on Islam

Answer 21

they allowed the muslims to trade which culturally diffused many practices and building habits from different empires. for example the domes in architecture from the byzantines.

Question 22

Al-Andalus

Answer 22

a centre for the arts, medicine, science, music, literature and philosophy.

Question 23

Islamic trade networks, importance

Answer 23

this caused cultural diffusion thoughout the southern world. many ideas and practices were spread from multiple countries creating and overall more advanced society’s.

Question 24

1. Faith (Shahada)

Answer 24

all Muslims make a statement of faith - acceptance of Allah as the one true god, Muhammad as his prophet and submission to him

Question 25

2. Prayer (salat)

Answer 25

5 times a day facing Mecca; dawn, noon, late afternoon, sunset, before bed

Question 26

3. Alms (charity) (zakat)

Answer 26

2.5% (1/40) of your income should be given to charity, small good deeds are also considered charity

Question 27

4. Fasting (sawm)

Answer 27

Ramadan –the 9th month of the Islamic lunar calendar, daily fasting from dawn to dusk for 29/30 days; goal to produce self-restraint and purity and is a reminder of those less fortunate; the festival of Eid ends Ramadan (Iftar ends the fast daily)

Question 28

5. Hajj

Answer 28

pilgrimage to Mecca once in your life (if physically/economically capable), and perform the rituals associated with it (the hijra, going to the ka’ba)