ISLAM 1 Flashcards
List the 6 articles of faith
- The Oneness of God
- God’s angels
- God’s books
- God’s Prophets
- The Last Day
- The divine plan
What is the Muslim word for the Oneness of God
Tawhid
What are the three most important angels in Islam
Jilbril –> Chief of angels and delivers messages from God
Mikail –> Looks after God
Israfil –> Sounds the last trumpet at the Last Judgment
Shaitan is different from the other angels because he was expelled from heaven.
Angels do not have free will and will be judged on the Last Day alongside humans.
What is the central holy book of Islam
The Qur’an –> The Qur’an means recitation
How was the Qur’an revealed
The Qur’an was revealed to Muhammad by God through His angel Jibril.
It was revealed gradually over the course of 22 years.
Since Muhammad couldn’t read or write, his companions wrote it down for him.
Abu Bakr made a standard copy of the Qur’an.
Caliph Uthman established the definitive Qur’an and ordered all other versions to be burnt.
The structure of the Qur’an
- There are 114 surahs (chapters) in the Qur’an
- A verse is called an ayah
- Every surah except Surah 1 begins with bismillah (In the name of God, the compassionate)
- The Qur’an is the full and final revelation of God
The structure of the Hadith
- The Hadith refer to various books that tell of the words and actions of Muhammad himself.
- A hadith is a saying of Muhammad
- The Hadith may be consulted by Muslims to see how Muhammad acted in various situations
Rules of God’s books
- The Qur’an is the word of God
- It is the only book that has not been distorted
- Should only be read in Arabic
- Final and complete revelations to humans
- should be learnt of by heart
- Surah 1 (Al Fatihah) is used in prayers as it sets out the main Muslim beliefs
- Respect the Qur’an –> No eating or drinking, no placing it under other books, highest shelf. Be in the right state of mind and wash hands.
God’s prophets
- There are 24 prophets. The first one is Adam and the last on is Muhammad
Muhammad’s life
- Muhammad was born in 570 C.E. in Makkah
- He was brought up by his uncle Abu Talib
- He went on business trips for his uncle and started working for Khadija
- He married her in 595 C.E. when he was 25
- Muhammad and his family moved to Yathrib (Hijrah) and is marked as the first year in the Muslim calendar.
- Muhammad marched on Makkah with 10,000 men in 630 C.E.
- Muhammad died in 632 aftter his Farewell Sermon from Mount Arafat
Muhammad with Islam
- Muhammad often went to a cave in Mount Nur to pray
- One night, Muhammad was approached by the angel Jibril who told him to recite God’s message
- Muhammad refused 3 times and got squeezed 3 times and then recited the message
- This night was called the Night of Power
- Word began to spread.
- He made local merchants angry as he was putting of pilgrims (which was the main source of their income)
- They threatened him and killed and tortured his companions
- Muhammad started teaching and built a mosque in Madina.
- He conquered Makkah and removed all idols from Makkah
What is the word for the Last Day and afterlife
Akhirah
The Last Day
- A great world battle would take place
- The angel Israfil will sound the last trumpet and everything will die
- When he blows it again all souls will be resurrected.
- God will judge each person by their deeds
- They will be sent either to heaven or hell
Word for heaven and hell
- Heaven = Jannah
- Hell = Jahanam
What is the word for the divine plan
Al Qadr
