iscolation and speciation

Question 1

what is the allelic frequancy affected by

Answer 1

selection

Question 2

what is selection due to

Answer 2

enviromental factors

Question 3

define speciation

Answer 3

the development of a new species from an existing species

Question 4

when does speciation occour

Answer 4

when populations of the same species become reproductively iscolated - changes in genotype cause changes in phenotype which means they can no longer inbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 5

what does it mean if a species is reproductively isoclated

Answer 5

changes in genotype cause changes in phenotype meaning they cannot interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 6

how can speciation be cause

Answer 6

geographical iscolation

Question 7

what does geographical iscolation lead to

Answer 7

allopatric speciation

Question 8

what does allopatric speciation require?

Answer 8

geographical isolation

Question 9

how does the geographical iscolation lead to speciation

Answer 9

each group will experiance different selection pressures

Question 10

how do these different selection pressures from different enviroments lead to speciation

Answer 10

different allels will be more advantageous in the different populations leading them to survive

Question 11

what may also affect allele frequancy of each pop that would allow them to be better adapted

Answer 11

genetic drift
mutations

Question 12

what do these changes in allel frequancys in the different areas do

Answer 12

cause changes in phenotype

Question 13

what is the end result of allopatric speication

Answer 13

the two seperated populations will hav changed so much that they can no longer interbreed to produce firtile offspring - meaning they are sperate species

Question 14

what is sypatric speciation

Answer 14

doesn’t require geographical isocaltion

Question 15

in sypatric speciation how do speicies become reproductively iscolated

Answer 15

random mutation occouring within the population preventing interbreeding

Question 16

give an example of sypatric speciation

Answer 16

most cells are diploid and have only two sets of homolgous chromosomes , but a mutation can occour that increase number of chromosomes = polyploidy
meaning those with homologous chromosomes and those with polypoidy cannt reproduce to produce firtile off spring

Question 17

what else can cause speciation

Answer 17

genetic drift

Question 18

define genetic drift

Answer 18

when chance rather than enviroment dictates wich individuals survive breed and pass on their alleles

Question 19

explain the process of genetic drift

Answer 19

individuals in pop show variation in genotype
by chance allele for one genotype passed on to offspring more often
number of individuals with that allele increases
changes in allele frequancy could eventually lead to reproductive iscolation