Ischemic Stroke Symptoms/Syndromes Flashcards
large vessel stroke
generally caused by thrombus or embolus usually is cardiac or artery - artery
Large Vessels: ICA, Central retinal artery (CRAO), MCA, ACA, PCA, PICA, AICA, BA
ICA symptoms
aphasia, neglect, motor and sensory loss, hemianopsia
CRAO (central retinal artery occlusion) symptoms
usually the result of ICA atherosclerosis.
Presents w/ sudden, painless unilateral loss of vision
MCA signs/symptoms
aphasia; neglect; motor or sensory loss of face, arm, legs (arm over leg); hemianopia; conjugate eye deviation
ACA signs/symptoms
contralateral motor and sensory deficits (leg over arm); abulia (lack of concern or disinhibition)
PCA signs/symptoms
contralateral visual field homonymous hemianopia and visual agnosia; If in dominant hemisphere could include alexia (can’t read) and agraphia (can’t write/spell)
W/ bilateral PCA occlusion could have total blindness
PICA signs/symptoms
Wallenburgs syndrome (loss of pain and temperature sensation); dysphagia; dysarthria; dysphonia
AICA signs/symptoms
lateral pontine syndrome (vertigo, vomiting, nystagmus, leaning towards side of lesion, loss of facial sensation and paralysis, hearing loss
Basilar artery signs/symptoms
loss of perfusion to cerebellum, brain stem, pons, thalamus, and occipital lobe. S/S include coma, quadriparesis, ataxia, dysarthria, CN dysfunction, visual deficits
Locked in syndrome
occlusion of vertebrobasilar artery in which patient is quadriparetic and cannot speak, but cognition remains intact.
pts can communicate by blinking or eye movement
Small vessel stroke
AKA: lacunar stroke; caused by a <15mm infarct
classic lacunar s/s
-pure motor hemiparesis (arm, leg, face)
-ataxic hemiparesis
-dysarthria and clumsy hand
-pure sensory
what percent of strokes are small vessel
approx 25%
