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ISBB > ISBB Mother Notes > Flashcards

ISBB Mother Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Immunodominant sugar of H gene

A

L-fucose

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2
Q

Immunodominant sugar of A gene

A

N-acetyl-D galactosamine (GalNac)

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3
Q

Immunodominant sugar of B gene

A

D-galactose

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4
Q

How many percent of Blacks have A blood group?

A

26%

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5
Q

How many percent of Asians have A blood group?

A

28%

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6
Q

How many percent of White population have B blood group?

A

11%

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7
Q

ABO antigens are formed as early as ______ day of fetal life.

A

37th

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8
Q

Full expression of ABO antigens is found in what age?

A

2-4 yrs of age

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9
Q

What is the precursor and linkage of ABO antigens in secretions?

A

-Type I precursor
-Beta-1-3 linkage

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10
Q

What is DUBSTAMP (ABO antigens in secretors)

A

Digestive juices
Urine
Bile
Saliva
Tears
Amniotic fluid
Milk
Pathological fluids (pericardial, pleural, peritoneal, ovarian cyst fluid)

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11
Q

Excessive ABH substances in secretions can be observed in? (Clue: PIC)

A

-Pseudomucinous ovarian cyst
-Intestinal obstruction
-Carcinoma of stomach and pancreas

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12
Q

Absorption vs Elution

A

Absorption - removal of unbound antibodies from the serum
Elution - removal of bound antibodies in the surface of RBCs

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13
Q

Subgroups of A antigen

A

A1, A2, A3, Ax, Aend, Am, Ael, Ay

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14
Q

Conditions that cause weaker reactions

A

-Leukemia
-Chromosomal translocations
-Hemolytic diseases
-Hodgkin’s dse
-Hypogammaglobulinemia (CLL)/ Immunodeficiency

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15
Q

Conditions that cause Pseudoantigens in Acquired A phenomenon:

A

-Proteus mirabilis infxn
-Tn activation

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16
Q

Conditions that cause pseudoantigens in Acquired B phenomenon:

A

-E. coli 086
-Proteus vulgaris infxn
-Intestinal obstruction
-Carcinoma of colon and rectum
-Clostridium tetani

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17
Q

ISBT # of ABO blood group

A

001

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18
Q

ISBT # of Rh blood group

A

004

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19
Q

RHAG gene is located in chromosome _____.

A

Chromosome 6

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20
Q

RHD and RHCE genes are located in chromosome ______.

A

Chromosome 1

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21
Q

What are the four most common genotypes of Rh system?

A

R1, R2, r, Ro

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22
Q

The most common Rh genotype is blacks

A

Ror

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23
Q

Most common Rh genotype in Asians/whites

A

R1r

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24
Q

What does ISBT mean

A

International Society of Blood Transfusion

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25
Q

What is the most immunogenic antigen after A and B antigen?

A

D antigen

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26
Q

A test that detects weak D antigen

A

IAT

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27
Q

Conditions associated with Rh null phenotype

A

-Hemolytic anemia
-reticulocytosis
-stomatocytosis
-decreased Hb, Hct, Haptoglobin
-Increased Bilirubin and HbF

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27
Q

Rh null regulator type has mutation in what gene

A

RHAG gene

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28
Q

Rh null Amorphic type has a mutation in what gene?

A

RHCE gene

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29
Q

True or False
Rh antibodies are naturally occurring.

A

False

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30
Q

Most clinically significant Rh immunoglobulin

A

IgG 1 and IgG 3

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31
Q

Best Immunoglobulin at crossing placenta

A

IgG 1

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32
Q

Cannot cross placenta

A

IgG 2

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33
Q

ISBT # of LW blood group

A

016

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34
Q

LW blood group gene location

A

Chromosome 19

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35
Q

Used to differentiate A antigen from LW

A

Dithiothreitol (DTT)

36
Q

Lewis ISBT #

A

007

37
Q

Le Gene is located in what chromosome?

A

Chromosome 19 p13.3

38
Q

LE antigens can be found in:

A

-lymphocytes,platelets
-pancreas, stomach, intestine
-skeletal muscle
-renal cortex, adrenal glands

39
Q

Le antigens in secretions are ______and Le cell-bound antigens absorbed onto RBCs from plasma are _______.

A

-glycoproteins
-glycolipids

40
Q

Le (a+b+) are common in ________.

A

Asians

41
Q

lele is common in ________.

A

Africans

42
Q

Phenotype changes (in Lewis) can be caused by:

A

-pregnancy
-cancer
-viral and parasitic infxn
-alcoholic cirrhosis

43
Q

ISBT # of MNS

A

002

44
Q

MNS is found in chromsome_____.

A

chromosome 4

45
Q

MNS antibody seen in multiparous woman

A

Anti-M

46
Q

Anti-N antibody is seen in ______ patients.

A

renal dialysis patients

47
Q

Disease associated in GPA receptor of MNS blood group

A

E. coli infection

48
Q

Disease associated in GPA and GPB receptor of MNS

A

P. falciparum infections

49
Q

The P1 antigen is poorly expressed at birth and fully expressed at age _______.

A

7 yo

50
Q

Common P1PK phenotypes:

A

-P1 and P2

51
Q

P1Pk antibody that is IgG autoantibody

A

Autoanti-P

52
Q

Antibody neutralized by hydatid cyst from E. granulosus

A

Anti-P1

53
Q

antibody first described from Mrs. Jay suffering from adenocarcinoma

A

Anti-P1Pk

54
Q

receptor for Parvovirus B19

A

P

55
Q

receptor for Shiga toxins

A

Pk

56
Q

Receptor for P-fimbriated uropathogenic E. coli

A

Psys. (P, P1, Pk)

57
Q

found in spontaneous abortions in early pregnancy

A

Anti-Tja

58
Q

ISBT # of I system

A

027

59
Q

The most common disease transmitted by blood transfusion

A

Hepatitis C aka “Post-transfusion Hepatitis

60
Q

If blood products are tested positive for HIV, in which reference lab must it be sent?

A

RITM

61
Q

If a patient sample in the lab has tested positive for HIV, in which reference lab is it sent?

A

SACCL/San Lazaro

62
Q

Used as a screening test for HIV in blood donors/blood bags

A

ELISA

63
Q

Used as a confirmatory test for blood donors/bags

A

Western Blot

64
Q

Confirmatory tests for Anti-HTLV test in blood products

A

Western blot, RIPA, NAT

65
Q

What is SAGM

A

SAGM are additive solutions namely:
-Saline
-Adenine
-Glucose
-Mannitol

66
Q

Increased in blood storage lesion

A

-Hemoglobin
-Ammonium
-Lactic acid
-Potassium

67
Q

Decreased in blood storage lesion

A

-2,3-DPG
-pH
-Glucose
-ATP
-Sodium

68
Q

Light spin speed and duration

A

3,200 rpm/2000 g for 3 mins

69
Q

Heavy spin speed and duration

A

3,500 rpm / 5,000 g for 5-8 minutes

70
Q

Source of radiation for Irradiated RBCs

A

Cobalt 60
Cesium 137

71
Q

Blood component used for maintaining blood volume and colloidal oncotic pressure

A

5% albumin

72
Q

Blood component for patients with congenital hypogammaglobulinemia

A

Immune Serum Globulin (ISG)

73
Q

Blood component for hypovolemic shocks and severe burns

A

Single Donor Plasma

74
Q

Cryoprecipitate contents

A
  • 150 to 250 mg of Fibrinogen
  • 80 to 120 U of Factor VIII
  • 40 to 70 U of vWF
  • 20 to 30 U of Factor XIII
75
Q

How to prepare cryoprecipitate

A

By thawing at 4degC, Hard spin, then leave only 10-15 mL plasma

76
Q

pore size of first generation blood filters

A

170-260 um

77
Q

pore size of second generation transfusion/blood fliters

A

20-40 um

78
Q

Pore size of third gen filters

A

7-10 um

79
Q

STOP TRANSFUSION but keep IV lines open with _______.

A

physiologic saline

80
Q

Enumerate the transfusion reaction

A
  1. Check for clerical errors
  2. Do a visual check
  3. DAT
  4. Repeat ABO/Rh typing
  5. Repeat AB screen and panel
  6. Repeat Crossmatch
  7. Bilirubin test
  8. Check urine for free Hgb and urobilinogen
  9. Hemosiderin appears weeks after transfusion
  10. Check Hgb and Hct
81
Q

common antibodies implicated in DHTR

A

anti-Jka
anti-E
anti-D
anti-C
anti-K
anti-Fya
anti-M

82
Q

S/s in Immediate HTR

A

fever with back pain

83
Q

S/s in Delayed HTR

A

Jaundice and decreasing Hct levels

84
Q

Effects in the blood of Immediate HTR

A

Increased plasma free Hb
Increased Bilirubin
Decreased haptoglobin
+/- DAT

85
Q

Effects in blood of Delayed HTR

A

Decreased Hb and Hct
(+) DAT
(+) Post-transfusion Ab screen

86
Q

S/S of TACO

A

Coughing
Cyanosis
Difficulty breathing

87
Q
A

ISBB (5 decks)

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