IS4670 CHAPTER 9 TERMS & DEFINITIONS

Question 1

• A copy of data that can be used to restore data if it is lost or corrupted.

Answer 1

Backdoor

Question 2

• A server that is used to manage the policies, schedules, media catalogs, and indexes associated with the systems it is configured to back up.

Answer 2

Backup server

Question 3

• The period of time when backups can be run.

Answer 3

Backup window

Question 4

• A backup of only the blocks that have changed since the last backup.

Answer 4

Block-level incremental backup

Question 5

• An environment that has a controlled level of contamination, such as dust, microbes, and other particles. The level of contamination is specified by the number of particles per cubic meter at a specified particle size. Data recovery experts use a clean room to protect media while making repairs to salvage the data.

Answer 5

Clean room

Question 6

• A data recovery technique that involves scanning the logical structure of the disk and checking to make sure it is consistent with its specification.

Answer 6

Consistency checking

Question 7

• The process of salvaging data from damaged, failed, corrupted, or inaccessible primary storage media when it cannot be accessed normally. It involves evaluating and extracting data from damaged media and returning it in an intact format.

Answer 7

Data recovery

Question 8

• A backup in which only files that have changed since a backup was last made are backed up to the backup facility.

Answer 8

Differential backup

Question 9

• A backup that creates copies or snap- shots of a file system at a particular point in time.

Answer 9

Image backup

Question 10

• A backup that transfers only the data that has changed since the last backup.

Answer 10

Incremental backup

Question 11

• Damage to a file system that may prevent it from being mounted by the host operating system. Logical damage is caused primarily by power outages that prevent file system structures from being completely written to the storage medium.

Answer 11

Logical damage

Question 12

• Physical replication of all data, with two copies of the data kept online at all times. The advantage of mirroring is that the data does not have to be restored, so there are no issues with immediate data availability.

Answer 12

Mirroring

Question 13

• Damage to storage media that occurs on a physical level, such as broken tapes or CDs or hard disks damaged by fire or water. This always causes at least some data loss. In many cases, the logical structures of the file system are damaged as well.

Answer 13

Physical damage

Question 14

• An architecture in which a network separate from the traditional LAN connects all storage and servers. In a SAN, the devices appear to be locally attached to the operating system.

Answer 14

Storage area network (SAN)

Question 15

• A file system repair technique in which a recovery specialist assumes very little about the state of the file system to be analyzed, uses any hints that any undamaged file system structures might provide, and rebuilds the file system from scratch.

Answer 15

Zero-knowledge analysis