IS 130 EXAM 1 Flashcards
What is this course about?
Become an inform user- a person knowledgeable about Information system and IT.
The organization I join will undergo a digital transformation.
that managing the IS function within an organization is no longer the exclusive responsibility of the IS department.
Why do I have to take this course?
is the business strategy that leverages IT to dramatically improve employee, customer, and business partner relationships; to support continuous improvement in business operations and business processes; and to develop new business models and businesses.
Digital Transformation
refer to an elementary description of things, events, activities, and transactions that are recorded, classified, and stored but are not organized to convey any specific meaning. items can be numbers, letters, figures, sounds, and images. Examples of data items are collections of numbers (e.g., 3.11, 2.96, 3.95, 1.99, 2.08) and characters (e.g., B, A, C, A, B, D, F, C).
Data
refers to data that have been organized so that they have meaning and value to the recipient. For example, a grade-point average (GPA) by itself is data, but a student’s name coupled with his or her GPA is information. The recipient interprets the meaning and draws conclusions and implications from the information. Consider the examples of data provided in the preceding paragraph. Within the context of a university, the numbers could be GPAs, and the letters could be grades in an Introduction to MIS class.
Information
consists of data and/or information that have been organized and processed to convey understanding, experience, accumulated learning, and expertise as they apply to a current business problem. For example, suppose that a company recruiting at your school has found over time that students with GPAs over 3.0 have experienced the greatest success in its management program.
Knowledge
IT Components
• IT Personnel
• IT Services
What is the IT infrastructure?
Perform high-speed, high-volume numerical computations.
Provide fast, accurate communication and collaboration within and among organizations.
Store huge amounts of information in an easy-to-access yet small space.
Allow quick and inexpensive access to vast amounts of information worldwide.
Analyze and interpret vast amounts of data quickly and efficiently.
Automate both semiautomatic business processes and manual tasks.
.
Major Capabilities of Information System
Traditional Function of the MIS Department
• New (Consultative) Functions of the MIS Department
Changing Role of the IS department
accounting IS, finance IS, production/operations management (POM) IS, marketing IS, and human resources IS.
accounting IS, finance IS, production/operations management (POM) IS, marketing IS, and human resources IS.
More investment in IT
Replacing people with machines
Creates no new jobs such as electronic medical record, and nanotechnology.
Will IT Eliminate JOBS?
Executing the process
• Capturing and storing process data
• Monitoring process performance
IS’s vital role in a three area of business process
The process involves three fundamental elements:
Inputs: Materials, services, and information that flow through and are transformed as a result of process activities
Resources: People and equipment that perform process activities
Outputs: The product or a service created by the process
A business process
can be created at either the instance level (i.e., a specific task or activity) or at the process level (i.e., the process as a whole).
Monitoring Process Performance
A radical redesign of an organization’s business
processes to increase productivity and
profitability
• Examines business processes with a “clean slate”
approach
Business Process Reengineering
An incremental approach to move an
organization toward business process centered
operations
• Focuses on reducing variation in process outputs
by identifying the underlying cause of the
variation
What is broken.
Business Process Improvement
a management system that includes methods and tools to support the design, analysis, implementation, management, and continuous optimization of core business processes throughout the organization. BPM integrates disparate BPI initiatives to ensure consistent strategy execution.
Business Process Management
Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control
Sucess of Business Process Improvement
BPR v.s BPI
BPI • Low risk / low cost • Incremental change • Bottom-up approach • Takes less time • Quantifiable results • All employees trained in BPI BPR • High risk / high cost • Radical redesign • Top-down approach • Time consuming • Impacts can be overwhelming • High failure rate
is the combination of social, legal, economic, physical, and political factors in which businesses conduct their operations.
Business Environment
generated by the global economy, intense competition, the changing nature of the workforce, and powerful customers.
Market Pressure
Two major technology-related pressures are technological innovation and information overload.
How fast technology is evolving.
Technology Pressure
The third category of business pressures includes social responsibility, government regulation/deregulation, spending for social programs, spending to protect against terrorism, and ethics.
Societal/Political/Legal Pressures.
Social issues that affect businesses and individuals range from the state of the physical environment to company and individual philanthropy to education. Some corporations and individuals are willing to spend time and money to address various social problems.
Social responsibility
