IS 130 CHAPTER 3 & 10 Flashcards
-Utilitarian Approach - the one that provides the most good or
does the least harm.
•Rights Approach - one that best protects and respects the
moral rights of the affected parties.
•Fairness Approach - treat all human beings equally, or, if
unequally, then fairly, based on some defensible standard.
•Common Good Approach - respect and compassion for all
others, it emphasizes the common conditions that are important
to the welfare of everyone
•Deontology approach - the morality of an action is based on
whether that action itself is right or wrong under a series of rules,
rather than based on the consequences of that action (eg. the
belief that killing someone is wrong, even if it was in self-
defense.)
Ethical Framewrok
- Recognize an ethical issue
- Get the facts
- Evaluate alternative actions
- Make a Decisions and Test It
- Act and Reflect on the Outcome of Decisions
Privacy Issues
Accuracy Issues
Property Issues
Accessibility Issues
The five questions of Ethical Framewrok
Should organizations monitor employees’ Web surfing and e-mail?
Should organizations sell customer information to other companies?
Should organizations audit employees’ computers for unauthorized software or illegally downloaded music or video files?
dimenstions of ethics
Continuous ‘real-time’ data collection • Efficiently handle high volumes of data and large variations in those volumes • Avoid errors and downtime • Record results accurately and securely • Maintain privacy and security • Source data automation • Batch processing
Transaction process system(TPS)
-Strategic level – Executive support systems(ESS)
• Management level – Management information
systems(MIS), Decision support systems(DSS)
• Knowledge level – Knowledge work systems(KWS)
• Operational level – Transaction processing
systems(TPS)
Four levels of Information systems
The major objectives of systems are to tightly integrate the functional areas of the organization and to enable information to flow seamlessly across them. Tight integration means that changes in one functional area are immediately reflected in all other pertinent functional areas. In essence, systems provide the information necessary to control the business processes of the organization.
ERP(FAIS) System
Organizational flexibility and agility: As you have seen, ERP systems break down many former departmental and functional silos of business processes, information systems, and information resources. In this way, they make organizations more flexible, agile, and adaptive. The organizations can therefore respond quickly to changing business conditions and capitalize on new business opportunities.
Decision support: ERP systems provide essential information on business performance across functional areas. This information significantly improves managers’ ability to make better, more timely decisions.
Quality and efficiency: ERP systems integrate and improve an organization’s business processes, generating significant improvements in the quality of production, distribution, and customer service
Benefits of ERP
Failure to involve affected employees in the planning and development phases and in change management processes
Trying to accomplish too much too fast in the conversion process
Insufficient training in the new work tasks required by the ERP system
Failure to perform proper data conversion and testing for the new system
Challenges of ERP
In this business model, the company rents the software from an ERP vendor who offers its products over the Internet using the SaaS model. The ERP cloud vendor manages software updates and is responsible for the system’s security and availability.
Cloud-based ERP systems can be a perfect fit for some companies. For example, companies that cannot afford to make large investments in IT yet already have relatively structured business processes that need to be tightly integrated might benefit from cloud computing.
The relationship between the company and the cloud vendor is regulated by contracts and by service level agreements (SLAs). The SLAs define the characteristics and quality of service, for example, a guaranteed uptime, or the percentage of time that the system is available. Cloud vendors that fail to meet these conditions can face penalties.
Software ERP
Operational Customer Relationship
Management Systems
Operational CRM Systems (support front-office
business processes; sales, marketing, and service)
to improve the processes a company uses to acquire the raw materials it needs to produce a product or service and then deliver that product or service to its customers.
Supply chain management
Tier 3- Tier 2 suppliers- Tier 1 supplies- Manufacturer- distributor or wholesaler-Rotator-customer
uptream-orderes information, payments, returns
Downstream-products, services, information
Generic supply chain
the physical products, raw materials,
supplies, and so forth that flow along the chain
Material FLows
Data related to demand, shipments, orders, returns, and schedule, as well as changes in any of these data
Information flows
Similar as the two other flows but with financial exchanges
Financial Flows
