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Spanish Parts of Speech > Irregular Verbs > Flashcards

Irregular Verbs Flashcards

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1
Q 
cerrar (to close)
convertir (to convert)
defender (to defend)
divertirse (to have fun)
empezar (to begin)
entender (to understand)
mentir (to lie)
pensar (to think)
perder (to lose)
preferir (to prefer)
querer (to want)
recomendar (to recommend)
sentir (to feel, to regret)
tener (to have)
venir (to come)
A

Present tense

boot e to ie

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2
Q 
almorzar (to eat lunch)
contar (to count)
dormir (to sleep)
encontrar (to find)
llover (to rain)
morir (to die)
mover (to move)
mostrar (to show)
poder (to be able to)
probar (to try)
resolver (to resolve)
sonar (to sound, to ring)
soñar (to dream)
volar (to fly)
volver (to return)
A

Present tense

Boot o to ue

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3
Q 
corregir (to correct)
decir (to say, to tell)
elegir (to elect)
medir (to measure)
pedir (to ask for, to order)
repetir (to repeat)
seguir (to follow)
servir (to serve)
vestir (to dress)
A

Present tense

Boot e to i

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4
Q 
infinitive:
 caber (to fit)
 dar (to give)
 estar (to be)
 saber (to know)
 ver (to see)
yo form:
 quepo
 doy
 estoy
 sé
 veo

Remember, with these verbs only the yo form is irregular.

A

List of common present tense verbs with irregular yo form conjugations:

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5
Q 
Infinitive:
 caer (to fall)
 decir (to say, to tell)
 hacer (to make, to do)
 poner (to put)
 salir (to leave)
 tener (to have)
 traer (to bring)
 valer (to be worth)
 venir (to come)
Yo form:
 caigo
 digo
 hago
 pongo
 salgo
 tengo
 traigo
 valgo
 vengo
A

List of common present tense “-go” verbs:

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6
Q 
Infinitive:
 conducir (to drive)
 conocer (to know)
 obedecer (to obey)
 ofrecer (to offer)
 parecer (to seem)
 producer (to produce)
 traducir (to translate)
Yo form:
 conduzco
 conozco
 obedezco
 ofrezco
 parezco
 produzco
 traduzco
A

present tense yo form conjugations that end in a vowel followed by “-cer” or “-cir” are “-zco” verbs

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7
Q

jugar (to play):

present tense

A

juego jugamos
juegas jugáis
juega juegan

jugar is the only u→ue stem changing verb,

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8
Q

ir (to go):

present tense

A

voy vamos
vas vais
va van

Notice that there are no accent marks in the vosotros form.

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9
Q

estar (to be):

present tense

A

estoy estamos
estás estáis
está están

These accent marks help to distinguish conjugations of estar from similar looking demonstrative adjectives.

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10
Q

ser (to be):

present tense

A

soy somos
eres sois
es son

Notice that there are no accent marks in the vosotros form.

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11
Q

decir (to say, to tell):

present tense

A

digo decimos
dices decís
dice dicen

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12
Q

vencer (to defeat):

present tense

A

present tense yo form conjugations that end in a constant followed by “-cer” or “-cir” are “-zo” verbs

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13
Q

dirigir (to direct):

present tense

A

In order to preserve the “h” sound when conjugating “-ger” and “-gir” present tense verbs in the yo form, we change the “g” to a “j.”

dirijo dirigimos
diriges dirigís
dirige dirigen

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14
Q

distinguir (to distinguish):

present tense

A

For “-guir” present tense verbs, the “u” keeps the “g” from being pronounced like an “h” when it’s followed by “e” and “i.” Since the yo form ends in an “o,” the “u” is no longer necessary.

distingo distinguimos
distingues distinguís
distingue distinguen

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15
Q

relinquir (to relinquish):

present tense

A

The the “qu” in “-quir” present tense verbs is normally pronounced like a “k.” If, however, we followed the “qu” with an “o,” we’d end up with a “kwo” sound (instead of “ko”). To prevent this, we change the “qu” to a “c.”

relinco relinquimos
relinques relinquís
relinque relinquen

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16
Q

influir (to influence):

Present tense

A

Add a “y” to some conjugations of “-uir” present tense verbs in order to ease pronunciation. These aren’t considered stem changing verbs, but notice how they follow the same pattern.

influyo influimos
influyes influís
influye influyen

This “y” trick is not used with “-guir” verbs or “-quir” verbs because the “u” is not actually pronounced.

17
Q

adquirir (to acquire):

present tense

A

Adquirir is the only i→ie stem changing verb you’ll encounter.

adquiero adquirimos
adquieres adquirís
adquiere adquieren

18
Q

oler (to smell):

present tense

A

oler (to smell) is the only o→hue stem changer.

huelo olemos
hueles oléis
huele huelen

19
Q

reír (to laugh):

present tense

A

The infinitive reír features an accent mark. We can almost treat reír as an e→í stem changing verb, except for the fact that we also need an accent in the nosotros form.

río reímos
ríes reís
ríe ríen

20
Q

oír (to hear):

present tense

A

The infinitive oír features an accent mark in the nosotros form. It is also a “-go” verb and gets an additional “y” in some conjugations like “-uir” verbs:

oigo oímos
oyes oís
oye oyen

21
Q

saber (to know):

present tense

A

sé sabemos
sabes sabéis
sabe saben

Notice accent on yo form.

22
Q

sonreír (to smile):

present tense

A

The infinitive sonreír features an accent mark. We can almost treat reír as an e→í stem changing verb, except for the fact that we also need an accent in the nosotros form.

sonrío sonreímos
sonríes sonreís
sonríe sonríen

23
Q

dar (to give):
ver (to see):
ir (to go):

present tense vosotros form

A

One Syllable Vosotros Conjugations.

Normally the endings for vosotros conjugations are: “-áis,” “-éis,” and “-ís,” all with accents. But when we have short, one syllable conjugations like with dar or ver, the accent is unnecessary. The stress naturally falls on that vowel anyway.

infinitive: vosotros form:
dar (to give) → dais
ver (to see) → veis
ir (to go) → vais

24
Q

Present tense

enviar (to send)
ampliar (to amplify)
confiar (to trust)
criar (to raise)
espiar (to spy)
fiar (to sell)
variar (to vary)
A

Some “-iar” verbs have accent marks pop up in their conjugations. The reason for this is somewhat complicated but the bottom line is pronunciation.

enviar (i→í):

envío enviamos
envías enviáis
envía envían

25
Q

present tense

evaluar (to evaluate)
acentuar (to accentuate)
continuar (to continue)
actuar (to act)
graduar (to graduate)
habituar (to inhabit)
situar (to situate)
valuar (to value)
A

Some “-uar” verbs have accent marks pop up in their conjugations. The reason for this is somewhat complicated but the bottom line is pronunciation.

evaluar (u→ú):

evalúo evaluamos
evalúas evaluáis
evalúa evalúan

Spanish Parts of Speech (6 decks)

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