Iron Deficiency And Other Hypoproliferative Anemia

Question 1

…………is the most common hypo-proliferative anemia followed by ………….

Answer 1

Iron deficiency anemia IDA
Anemia of inflammation AI

Question 2

Iron deficiency anemia is hypoproliferative

Answer 2

It’s normocytic normochromic before becoming microcytic hypochromic

Question 3

The anemias associated with……….are characterized by suboptimal erythropoietin response to anemia

Answer 3

Renal disease
Inflammation +Cancer
Hypometabolic states

Question 4

patients with anemias associated with high levels of ineffective erythropoiesis absorb excess amounts of dietary iron

Answer 4

Over time, this may lead to iron overload and tissue damage

Question 5

Normally, an adult male will need to absorb at least…….. of elemental iron daily to meet needs, while females in the childbearing years will need to absorb an average of………

Answer 5

1 mg

1.4 mg/d

Question 6

As long as transferrin saturation is maintained between …………….and………….. is not increased, use of iron stores is not required.

Answer 6

20 and 60%

erythropoiesis

Question 7

Iron must be taken up by the luminal cell This process is facilitated by the ……………..which maintains the iron in solution

Answer 7

Acidic contents of the stomach

Question 8

When…………are given together with food, the amount of iron absorbed is reduced

Answer 8

ionizable iron salts

Question 9

Globally,………% of anemia is attributable to iron deficiency

Answer 9

50

Question 10

By definition, marrow iron stores are absent when the serum ferritin level is……….

Answer 10

<15 μg/L

Question 11

Once the transferrin saturation falls to…………., hemoglobin synthesis becomes impaired

iron deficiency anemia; The transferrin saturation at this point is…………..

Answer 11

15–20%

10–15%

Question 12

…………cell shape in iron deficiency anemia

Answer 12

Target

كأنما گلةيي كةد ، اويشد بدوين ،فقط ئةو نقطة حديد و هيمو گلوبينة ديرم لة ناوراست

Misshapen red cells (poikilocytes) appear on the blood smear as cigar- or pencil-shaped forms

Question 13

A cardinal rule is that the appearance of iron deficiency in an adult male means …………..until proven otherwise

Answer 13

GIT blood loss

Question 14

The normal range for the serum iron is …………the normal range for TIBC is……………, ferritin…………..

Answer 14

50–150 μg/dL

300–360 μg/dL

30 μg/L

Question 15

ئاسن دوواني
ئاسن سيياني

Answer 15

فيرسسسسس /تسسسسس/ارا عبركردن
فيرك/ ارا خزن كردن لأن قورسة تا دةرنةچد

Question 16

Protoporphyrin is an intermediate in the pathway to heme synthesis

Answer 16

Normal values are <30 μg/dL of red cells; In iron deficiency, values in excess of 100 μg/dL are seen

Question 17

This laboratory test has been proposed to distinguish between iron deficiency and the anemia of inflammation

Answer 17

Serum Levels of Transferrin Receptor Protein

Which is elevated in absolute iron deficiency

Question 18

The distinction between true iron-deficiency anemia and the…………… is among the most common diagnostic problems encountered by clinicians .

Answer 18

anemia associated with chronic inflammation

Question 19

Iron deficiency anemia treatment

Answer 19

Oral iron
Gastric disease/iron solution
Parenteral iron therapy (Iron –dextran complex, Sodium ferric gluconate ,Iron sucrose ,Iron carboxy maltose ).

Question 20

A useful test in the clinic to determine the patient’s ability to absorb iron is the

Answer 20

iron tolerance test

Question 21

علاقة
Anemia of chronic inflammation
مع
EPO

Answer 21

لأنه لا يستعمل الحديد بصورة صحيحه فلا يستجيب ل اريثروپويتن

Question 22

Ferroportin

Hepcidin

Answer 22

فد ناقل مصادر ، من الخلايا المعوية الى الدم

هرمون ينتجه الكبد وتؤثر بصورة سلبية على الي فوق

Question 23

Mechanisims of anemia rising in CHRONIC INFLAMMATION/INFECTION

Answer 23

1/Hepcidin,👆, in inflammation and acts to suppress iron absorption + release from storage sites.
serum ferritin values increase threefold over basal levels in the face of inflammation

2/Interleukin 1 (IL-1) directly (👇 EPO production )in response to anemia.

3/IL-1, acting through accessory cell release of interferon (IFN), suppresses the response of the erythroid marrow to EPO—

4/Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), acting through the release of IFN by marrow stromal cells, also suppresses the response to EPO.

Question 24

Acute infection can produce a fall in hemoglobin levels of …………..within 1 or 2 days; this is largely related to………….

Answer 24

2–3 g/dL

the hemolysis of red cells near the end of their natural life span

Question 25

Anemia of chronic disease can be :-

Normocytic normochromic

Microcytic hypochromic

Answer 25

ex/Cancer + Anemia of renal disease

ex/ RA + TB

Question 26

Anemia of renal disease usually present with normal……………. levels.

Answer 26

serum iron, TIBC, and ferritin

However, those maintained on chronic hemodialysis may develop iron deficiency from blood loss through the dialysis procedure.

Question 27

By contrast, patients with …………..have more severe EPO deficiency for a given level of renal failure.

Answer 27

Diabetes or myeloma

Question 28

EPO is particularly useful in anemias in which endogenous EPO levels are inappropriately low, such as

Answer 28

CKD
AI (anemia of inflammation)