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Conditions - Haematology > Iron Deficiency Anaemia > Flashcards

Iron Deficiency Anaemia Flashcards

1
Q

What is Iron Deficiency Anaemia?

A

The most common type of anaemia.

Where that is a lack of iron in the blood.

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2
Q

What % of pre-menopausal women are affected by iron deficiency anaemia?

A

14%

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3
Q

What are the causes of iron deficiency anaemia?

A

1) G.I. Blood Loss *
2) Menorrhagia
3) Malabsorption
4) Poor diet (associated with poverty)
5) Pregnancy

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4
Q

What are some examples of malabsoption that can cause iron deficiency anaemia? (2)

A

Coeliac Disease

Gastrectomy

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5
Q

How does anaemia present primarily? (3)

A
  • Breathlessness
  • Fatigue
  • Weakness
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6
Q

What are some secondary symptoms associated with iron deficiency anaemia? (5)

A
  • Glossitis (loss of lingual papillae)
  • Pale skin
  • Angular stomatitis
  • Tachycardia
  • Strange food cravings
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7
Q

What are some signs of chronic IDA? (4)

N.B. chronic signs are very rare!

A

1) Prost-cricoid webs (Plummer-Vinson syndrome)
2) Atrophic Glossitis
3) Angular stomatitis
4) Koilonychia

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8
Q

What constitutes a “full blood count”? (6)

A

Haemoglobin
Red Blood Cells
White Blood Cells

Platelets
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes

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9
Q

What data do we expect to see DECREASED in a full blood count of an anaemic person?

A

↓ Serum Ferritin
↓ MCV
↓ MCH
↓ MCHC

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10
Q

What does MCV stand for?

A

Mean Corpuscular Volume

Microcytic Cells

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11
Q

What conditions can cause a low MCV? (4)

A

Iron deficiency anemia

Anemia of chronic disease

Thalassemia

Sideroblastic anemia

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12
Q

What Investigations can we conduct for someone suspected of iron deficiency anaemia? (8)

A 
FBC
Blood Film
Chemical Assays (Iron, Vit B12 & Folate)
Endoscopy
Barium Studies
Blood Loss
Pregnancy?

Good History - Find out diet.

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13
Q

What treatment options are available for Iron Deficiency Anaemia? (2)

A

1) Oral Iron Tablets

2) Correct the cause (diet cahnge, ulcer therapy, GI surgery)

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14
Q

What is the action plan for the use of iron deficiency tablets?

A

Ferrous Sulphate
( 200mg/8h PO )

Continue for at least 3 months after Hb normalises to replenish stores.

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15
Q

What do we expect to see when a patient is started on ferrous sulfate therapy?

A

Hb should rise by 10g/L/week.

Modest reticulocytosis

Gradual alleviation of symptoms.

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16
Q

What is a differential for Hypochromic Microcytic Anaemia with NORMAL ferritin levels?

A

Thalassaemia

Conditions - Haematology (9 decks)

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