iron

Question 1

Microminerals are better found in what?

Answer 1

animals > plants

Question 2

What are the 4 trace minerals?

Answer 2

Fe, Zn, Cu, F

Question 3

What are the 4 functions of Fe?

Answer 3

hemoblobin, myoglobin, cofactors for enzymes, blood and storage

Question 4

Who store more Fe?

Answer 4

women

Question 5

Where is heme iron found?

Answer 5

animal products

Question 6

Where is nonheme iron found?

Answer 6

plants and supplements

Question 7

In heme iron digestion, what removes the protein from the hemoglobin?

Answer 7

pepsin in stomach and protease in SI

Question 8

Heme is absorbed by _____ by using ______.

Answer 8

facilitated diffusion; carrier protein 1

Question 9

In non heme iron digestion, what removes protein from ferrous?

Answer 9

protease

Question 10

Can ferrous be absorbed in the SI?

Answer 10

no

Question 11

Ferrous iron is absorbed by _____ by using _________.

Answer 11

facilitated diffusion; divalent mineral transporter (DMT)

Question 12

Fe is extremely reactive so it must be bound to ____ at all times.

Answer 12

a protein

Question 13

If the body doesn’t need Fe right away it will be bound to ____ and STORED where? Where is this synthesized?

Answer 13

ferritin; liver, spleen, and bone marrow

- synthesized in SI and liver

Question 14

If the body does need the Fe what will happen to it?

Answer 14

it will be transported across
the basolateral membrane
by ferroportin

Question 15

What is transferrins ass. with Fe?

Answer 15

Transports Fe in plasma

Question 16

What peptide hormone, produced in the liver, binds to ferroportin, preventing transport of Fe across the basolateral membrane?

Answer 16

hepcidin

Question 17

When iron stores are low, ___ is high and ____ is low. BUT when iron stores are high, ____ is high and ____ is low.

Answer 17

low Fe - ^ tranferrin; v ferritin

high Fe - ^ ferritin; v tranferrin

Question 18

What is the highest concentrated mineral in the body?

Answer 18

iron

Question 19

What are some functions of Fe?

Answer 19

• immune response decreases in Fe deficiency
• heme in hemo/myoblobin and cytochromes
• brain function
• synthesis of DNA

Question 20

What is the RDA for Fe in M and F?

Answer 20

m- 8 mg/day

f- 18 mg/day

Question 21

What are some good sources of Fe….heme? non heme?

Answer 21

HEME- liver (other organ meats), beef, pork, poultry, seafood
NON HEME- plants, supplements

Question 22

What is the MC nutritional deficiency in the US?

Answer 22

Fe

Question 23

What are symptoms of Fe deficiency?

Answer 23

Palor (paleness)
fatigue
decreased immune system

Question 24

Hypochromic Microcytic Anemia is another name for what?

Answer 24

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Question 25

What a major problem seen with Fe toxicity?

Answer 25

Organ damage from iron deposition

Question 26

Severe Fe deficiency may lead to impaired activation of what Vit.?

Answer 26

Vit. D

Question 27

A deficiency in what may lead to an Fe deficiency?

Answer 27

copper (Cu)