IRAT 7 Flashcards
Which of the following components is NOT part of an amino acid? A. a phosphate group B. an amino group C. an acid group D. a side chain (functional group) E. an alpha-carbon
A.
Amino acid A can be synthesized from amino acid B. Amino acid B must be obtained from the diet. Which statement best describes amino acid A and B.
A. Both amino acid A and B are essential
B. Amino acid B is essential. Amino acid A might become conditionally essential if the diet is limited in amino acid B.
C. Amino acid A is essential. Amino acid B might become conditionally essential if the diet is limited in amino acid A.
D. Both amino acid A and B are conditional essential
E. Neither are essential
B.
What is transamination?
A. removal pf the amino group from an amino acid
B. removal of the acid group from an amino acid
C. formation of a peptide bond by the removal of water
D. Transfer of a carboxyl group to the alpha carbon of an amino acid
E. Transfer of an amino group from one amino acid to a carbon-containing molecule to form a new amino acid
E.
What determines the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain?
A. the types of food a person eats
B. digestive enzymes called proteases
C. the hormone insulin
D. the charges on the R groups of the amino acids
E. the genetic material DNA
E.
What happens when a protein is heated A. denaturation B. transamination C. deamination D. All of the above
A.
Which of the following metabolic processes is likely to increase the most in response to the process of deamination? A. pyruvate B. glycogen C. bile D. ATP E. urea
E.
What is the amino acid pool?
A. amino acids present in body tissues and fluids that are available for protein synthesis
B. amino acids that are soluble in bodily fluids
C. amino acids used by the body for energy
D. amino acids that the body cannot synthesize and must be supplied by the diet
A.
Which statement describes positive nitrogen balance?
A. an individual is wasting as a result of protein-energy malnutrition
B. protein intake does not meet the body’s protein requirements
C. An individual is growing
D. total body nitrogen balance does not change for 30 days
C.
What is the RDA for protein for a typical, slightly active adult? A. 0.5/kg body weight per day B. 0.5/kg body weight per week C. 0.8/kg body weight per day D. 1.2/kg body weight per day E. 1.7/kg body weight per day
C.
What is the consequence of protein complementation?
A. all amino acid requirements are met
B. a decrease in the biological value of a protein
C. an increase in the nitrogen value of a protein
D. excretion of nitrogen in the urine
E. meeting amino acids requirements by combing proteins from different sources
E.
When do food allergies occur?
A. When dietary proteins are not absorbed and not eliminated in the feces
B. when dietary proteins are filtered out of the blood and into the urine
C. when dietary proteins are absorbed without being completely digested
D. When dietary proteins provides amino acids that are not found in the human body
C.
protein differs from carbohydrate and lipid in that protein…
a. contains the element nitrogen
b. does not provide the body with a source of energy
c. is calssifed an an inorganic molecule
d. is not considered to be an essential nutrient
e. provides less satiety
A
peptide bonds are formed between the ___ and ___ of adjacent amino acids
a. amine group, R group
b. hydrogen, r group
c. amine group, aplha carbon
d. amine group, acid group
e. r group, acid group
D
protein denaturation can….
a. alter the sequence of amino acids in a protein
b. alter the three dimensional shape of a protein
c. decrease the nutritional value of a protein
d. break the peptide bonds holding a protein
B
a protein energy deficiency resulting in muscle loss due to a negative energy balance is called….
a. rickets
b. phenylketonuria
c. kwasiorkor
d. sickle cell disease
e. marasmus
E
