IRAT 5 HTN Flashcards
___% of people with high BP are unaware
30%
CVD costs _____ in healthcare
320 billion
___% of white people and ___% of black people
18%
35%
out of 507 children __% had HTN
3.6% (but only 26% of those had it in their medical records)
11% of prehypertensive children had it
in their records
__% of HTN is secondary
5%
Estrogen/oral contraceptives cause __% of secondary HTN
5-6%
Renal disease is the cause of __% secondary HTN
1-2%
cuschings/primary aldosteronism
0.5% secondary HTN
coarction of aorta
.01-.5 aorta
Causes of secondary HTN
Estrogen/contraceptives renal disease aldosteronism/cushings coarction of aorta pheochromocytoma pregnancy disorders associated with hyperclampsia and thyroid shit sleep apnea
Juxtaglomerular cells secrete
renin
renin does what?
converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1
angiotensin does what?
causes angiotensin II (major vasoconstrictor)
angiotensin II does what
stimulates aldosterone secretion
how does alchohol cause an increase in BP
increases catecholamines
causes of essential HTN
SNS hyper activity (decreases sensitivity to baro reflexes)
Renin-angiotensin-Aldosteron system dysfunction (RAAS)
Intracellular increase NA
prior to checking BP one must
not smoke/caffience 30-60 minutes prior
no drinkings 12 hours prior
if positive for HBP check again
2 more times in the same week
Prehypertensive - lifestyle modifications
8-89 diastolic
120-139 systolic
Stage 1 refer if lifesytle isn’t effective (usually treatable with 1 medication)
90-99 diastolic
140-159 systolic
Stage 2 need medical evaluation w/ appropriate medication
D >100
S >160
severe=immediate referral
S>200
D>120
too much pressure on a stethoscope can increase diastolic pressure by ___ mmhm
10
