first Irat- Pediatrics

Question 1

: birth to 1 mo

Answer 1

neonate

Question 2

infant

Answer 2

1 mo -1yr

Question 3

young child

Answer 3

1-4yr

Question 4

old child

Answer 4

5-10

Question 5

adolescent

Answer 5

11-19

Question 6

General evaluation for DC

Answer 6

Measuring vitals including height and weight
Determining normal growth and neurological development
Looking for signs of abuse
Screening for vision (age 3-4)

Question 7

1 -2months

Answer 7

Holds head up

Turns head and eyes to sound

Question 8

3 – 5 months

Answer 8

Smiles, laughs and giggles

Reaches for and brings objects to mouth

Question 9

9-11 mo

Answer 9

Feeds self finger foods

MaMA/DADA nonspecifically

Question 10

6-8 mo

Answer 10

Initiates “bye bye”

Rolls front to back and back to front

Question 11

12 mo

Answer 11

Walks with support or independently

Points to desired objects

Question 12

18 mo

Answer 12

Uses a spoon

Says 10 – 15 words

Question 13

1 in 800 births

Average age of death is 55

Answer 13

Trisomy 21

Question 14

Scoliosis and kyphosis

Subluxation of the lens of the eye

Answer 14

marfan’s

Question 15

Bowing extremities

Ligamentous laxity

Answer 15

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 16

Seen primarily in Caucasians

Pilocarpine test is positive

Answer 16

cystic fibrosis

Question 17

0.3% of blacks in US

Death usually due to infection, pulmonary emboli and renal failure

Answer 17

Sickle Cell Anemia

Question 18

Screened for at birth in US

If undetected, leads to mental retardation

Answer 18

PKU

Question 19

SIDS

Answer 19

death in an infant younger than 1 year old that cannot be explained after complete autopsy,

Question 20

Leading cause of death between 1 month and 1 year of age

Peak incidence in months 2 – 4

Answer 20

SIDS

Question 21

2x the amount of SIDS

Answer 21

AA and native american children

Question 22

Prevent SIDS

Answer 22

side-lying or supine position to sleep

Question 23

average hours newborns cry

Answer 23

2.7 hours

Question 24

crying for more than 3 hours a day for more than 3 days a week for a minimum of 3 weeks

Answer 24

infantile colic

Question 25

infantile colic does not seem to be ______

Answer 25

gastrointestinal

Question 26

nervous system of newborn is hypothethized to be ____

Answer 26

neuroliable

Question 27

manipulation reduced crying tie by ____ hours versus dimethicone which reduced time by ____ hours`

Answer 27

2.5 | 1

Question 28

>50% of abused children are ____ before 4

Answer 28

abused

Question 29

most commonly injured area is the ___

Answer 29

face

Question 30

shaken baby syndrome can cause

Answer 30

decreased level on consciousness lethary retinal hemorrhage generalized motor weakness

Question 31

reduced attention span hyperactivity poor impulse control

Answer 31

ADHD

Question 32

biggest concern with ADHD medication

Answer 32

grown retardation

Question 33

2 most common drugs

Answer 33

methyphedidate (ritalin) | amphetamine/destroamphetamine (adderall)

Question 34

1-14 ____ is the 2nd leading cause of death

Answer 34

cancer

Question 35

RED FLAGS!!!

Answer 35

Unexplained weight loss Bone pain that is resistant to analgesics or accompanied by recurrent or relapsing fever Sternal tenderness Recurrent nosebleeds Lymphadenopathy that is persistent for more than 3 weeks and lymph nodes that are hard, rebbery,fixed and nontender Occult or frank blood in in the urine or stool Abdominal masses Recurrent or severe (unbearable) headaches associated with nausea and vomiting

Question 36

``` Fibrous lesions of bone Cortical location NO SYMPTS Found incidentally on x-ray SELF RESOLVING ```

Answer 36

FIBROCORTICAL DEFECTS

Question 37

Larger version of fibrocortical defect Metaphyseal LARGE ONES MAY CAUSE PATHOLOGICAL FRX

Answer 37

NONOSSIFYING FIBROMA

Question 38

``` Ossification under cartilage PEDUNCULATED OR SESSILE LESION that may grow large enough to be seen Multiple form is common Biopsy not needed MAY BECOME SYMPTOMATIC IF LARGE ENOUGH ```

Answer 38

OSTEOCHONDROMA

Question 39

Often multiple FIND IN FINGERS AND LONG BONES Speckled calcification seen on x-ray

Answer 39

ENCHONDROMA

Question 40

``` Highly vascular bone producing tumors USUALLY IN SPINE NIGHT PAIN RELIEVED BY ASPIRIN SCOLIOSIS RADIOLUSCENT NIDUS SURROUNDED BY SCLEROSIS EXISION NECESSARY ```

Answer 40

OSTEIOD OSTEOMA