-IR verbs Flashcards
IR endings to PRESENT/PAST verbs
Je – is Tu – is Il/Elle – it Nous – issons Vous – issez Ils/Elles – issent Past Participle – i
To form the past participle for regular ir verbs, drop the -ir and add -i.
to smell
Sentir meaning smell
The verb sentir can mean smell, and just as in English the subject can be the one using his or her nose:
Je sens le café. I smell coffee. Il sent les fleurs. He’s smelling the flowers. Or it can be the one giving off the odor:
Ça sent bon, ça sent la rose !
That smells good, it smells like roses!
Ça sent le brûlé.
It smells burnt.
to feel (something physical), to perceive, to think about one’s condition or situation IN THE NEAR FUTURE
Sentir meaning feel
Sentir can also mean feel in the literal sense of perceiving physical contact with something, to sense through touching.
Je sens quelque chose de dur là. I feel something hard here. Elle sent quelque chose sur son bras ! She feels something on her arm. Il sent le tissu. He’s feeling the fabric. It’s also got a more figurative meaning, just as in English, meaning something like feel, think, perceive, etc. Here sentir expresses how a person perceives an external condition or situation, or even another person.
Je sens que je vais être malade.
I think/feel (that) I’m GOING TO BE sick.
Ils sentent que ça va être difficile.
They think/feel (that) it’s GOING TO BE difficult.
Je sens quelque chose de bizarre ici.
I feel something weird here (EXTERNAL)
Je l’ai senti énervé.
I felt he was irritated (lit. I felt him irritated)/EXTERNAL
to feel: but it’s used to express how someone PERCEIVES his or her own physical or mental state DURING THAT VERY MOMENT
Se sentir meaning feel
The reflexive verb se sentir MEANS HOW SOMEONE PERCEIVES his or her own physical or mental state.
Je ne me sens pas très bien. I don’t feel very good. Elle s’est sentie contrariée. She felt upset. Il se sent malade. He feels sick.
Sentir or se sentir?
These two examples show the difference.
Je sens que je vais être malade.
I feel like I’m GOING TO BE sick.
Je ME sens malade.
I feel sick. [RIGHT NOW]
The first one describes my perception of an external condition or situation. “I think that I’m going to be sick.” I’m not sick right now, but I feel like I’m going to be sick. The second one describes how I perceive my own condition at the moment: “I feel sick” (right now).
to feel (intensely whether emotionally/physically) to experience (used as a synonym)
to feel (the consequences of emotional/physical feelings)
Ressentir (éprouver) et Se Ressentir
Finally, ressentir also means feel, but it’s used with intense feelings or emotions, either positive or negative, but also physical states or phenomena, as felt subjectively, from within. A good synonym is éprouver.
Se ressentir de quelque chose is about feeling the consequences of something, either emotional or physical
Je ressens de l’amour pour toi. I feel love for you. Nous ressentons une profonde tristesse. We feel a deep sadness. Il ressent la soif. He’s experiencing thirst. J’ai beaucoup marché et je m’en ressent. I walked a lot and I (can) feel it. Elle est en deuil et elle s’en ressent encore. She is mourning and she’s still suffering from it.
-CEVOIR irregular verbs
to conceive
to disappoint
to perceive
to receive
apercevoir > to catch sight of, to foresee (aperçois) concevoir > to conceive (conçois) décevoir > to disappoint (déçois) percevoir > to perceive (perçois) recevoir > to receive (reçois)
Present Future je reçois recevrai tu reҫois recevras il reҫoit recevra nous recevons recevrons vous recevez recevrez ils reҫoivent recevront
imparfait je recevais tu recevais on recevait nous recevions vous receviez ils recevaient
Past Compose j'ai reçu tu as reçu il/elle/on a reçu nous avons reçu vous avez reçu ils/elles ont reçu
to hold
- has many, many meanings
tenir
OIR verbs to have to see to see again to know to want to be able to must/to have to to cost, be worth to sit down
to have (irregular) voir revoir savoir vouloir pouvoir devoir valoir s'asseoir
EXCEPTIONS: ONLY USES ‘IL’
to be needed/to have to do something
to be raining
only conjugated in the il form of the verb.
Il pleut.
It’s raining.
Il faut étudier ce soir.
It is necessary to study tonight.
PASSE COMPOSE to discover to open to suffer to offer
découvrir
ouvrir
souffir
offrir
passe compose j'ai découvert j'ai ouvert j'ai souffert j'ai offert
verbs ending in PRENDRE to learn to understand to undertake to misunderstand to take to retake/take again to surprise
apprendre: “to learn”
comprendre: “to understand”
entreprendre: “to undertake”
méprendre: “to misunderstand”
prendre: “to take”
reprendre: “to retake” or “to take again”
surprendre: “to surprise”
Present Future Imperfect j' apprends apprendrai apprenais tu apprends apprendras apprenais il apprend apprendra apprenait nous apprenons apprendrons apprenions vous apprenez apprendrez appreniez ils apprennent apprendront apprenaient Passé composé Auxiliary verb avoit Past participle appris
Irregular IR verbs that follow PARTIR conjugation
to go to consent to leave to deny to lie, to sense, anticipate ahead of time to divide to feel (strongly) COME out to repent, to feel, to leave, exit
partir consentir départir démentir mentir pressentir repartir ressentir ressortir se repentir sentir sortir
je pars nous partons
tu pars vous partez
il/elle/on part ils/elles partent
PASSE COMPOSE
j’ai parti
IMPARFAIT je partais tu partais il partait nous partions vous partiez ils partaien
