IPv4 Addressing Flashcards
Important Header Fields
- SRC IP
- DST IP
- Time-To-Live
- Protocol
- Header Checksum
- Version (v4 or v6)
- DSCP (Quality of Service –> Priority)
Which header field is used for Quality of Service?
DSCP
Limitation of IPv4 addresses caused
- NAT (causes latency)
- IPv6
Available Host addresses
2^host bits - 2 (if Default Gateway is needed - 3)
Is host addresses the same as addresses available?
No, Net IP and Broadcast (maybe Default Gateway)
On how many IP addresses does a NIC listen at minimum?
2 minimum (Host IP and Broadcast)
Class A Private IP
10.0.0.0 /8
Class B Private IP
172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 /12
Class C Private IP
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 /16
Why should you use subnetting?
- smaller broadcast domain
- better performance
- Data Privacy (e.g. Finance, HR Data)
What is VLSM?
Variable Length Subnet Mask –> classless
What is NAT?
Network Address Translation
Internal IP to public global IP
What are Link-Local addresses?
APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing) when there is no DHCP server available. 169.254.0.0/16
APIPA IP range
169.254.0.0/16
2^10 Bits
1024 addresses
2^20 Bits
ca. 1 Million Adressen
2^30 Bits
ca. 1 Milliarde Adressen
2^40 Bits
ca. 1 Billion Adressen (Terra)
What does allow subsubnetting?
VLSM Variable Length Subnet Mask
How to find out how many collision domains exist?
Sum of all connections to all switches.
e.g. 9 collision domains
