IPOL concept chap3-4

Question 1

State

Answer 1

Political concept establishing sovereign jurisdiction within defined territorial borders, and exercises authority through a set of permanent institutions.

• emerged in 16-17th, Europe
• Peace of Westphalie 1648
• Organisational understanding : state “political association that establishes sovereign jurisdiction within defined territorial borders, and exercises authority through a set of permanent institutions”

Montevideo Convention 1933 (Art.1) :
* defined territory
* permanent population
* effectiev government
* capacity to enter into relations with other states

• Nation-state emerged in 19th
  = a sovereign political concept within which citizenship and nationality overap.

Question 2

Sovereignty

Answer 2

The principal of absolute and unlimited power
* Legal : supreme legal authority. right to command
* Political : absolute political power. ability to command
* Internal : supreme authority within the state
* External : the state’s place in the international order + its capacity to act as an independent and autonomous entity

Question 3

Pluralist state

Answer 3

• liberal theory : state as neutral arbiter, represent the common good or public interest

Question 4

Social contract theory

Answer 4

agreement between individuals through which an organized society/state exists.
Hobbes, Lock, Rousseau

3 main elements :
* hypothetical state-less society (state of nature)
* individuals trying to escape from the state,
* citizens obliged to respect and obey the state, leads to stability and security

Question 5

Capitalist state

Question 6

Neopluralism

Question 7

Leviathan state

Question 8

Chap 4 : Democracy and legitimacy

Legitimacy

Answer 8

lat.”legitimare” = to declare lawful
=rightfulness

Question 9

Liberal democracy

Question 10

Strenghts of direct democracy

Answer 10

• citizens can control more their own destiny
• better-informed + sophisticted citizens, educational benefits
• enable the public to express their own views and interests whithout having to rely on self-serving politicians
• ensure that rule is legitimate –> more people are likely to accept the decisions they have made

Question 11

Strengths of representative democracy

Question 12

Elitism

Answer 12

refers to a minority in whose hands power, wealth or privileges is concentrated
* normative elitism :
* classical elitism : claims to be empirical and sees elite rule as an unchangeable fact of social existence
*

Question 14

pluralist democracy aka liberal democracy